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Question: Assume that your company sells portable housing to both general contractors and the government. It sells jobs to contractors on a bid basis. A contractor asks for three bids from different manufacturers. The combination of low bid and high quality wins the job. However, jobs sold to the government are bid on a cost-plus basis. This means price is determined by adding all costs plus a profit based on cost at a specified percent, such as 10%. You observe that the amount of overhead applied to government jobs is higher than that applied to contract jobs. These allocations concern you.

Required

Write a half-page memo to your company’s chief financial officer outlining your concerns with overhead allocation.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The higher overhead allocation leads to an increase in the budget of the business entity. Also, charging higher overhead to the government contract is an unethical activity.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of Overhead

Overhead can be defined as the expenses incurred by the business entity for operating activities other than the direct costs incurred in the production process.

02

Memorandum to Chief Financial Officer

Date: XX/XX/XX

To: Chief financial officer

From: Accountant

Subject: Concern regarding the overhead allocation

The overall allocation is too much higher, which has increased the budget of the business entity. The business entity must allocate these overheads based on the overhead rate to get more accurate results.

Another issue is the ethical issue: It is mentioned that government contracts are allocated at a higher cost, which will be considered technically defrauding the government. Therefore, it is also an unethical activity.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Record the journal entry to close over- or underapplied factory overhead to Cost of Goods Sold for each of the two companies below.

Storm Concert

Promotions

Valle Home

Builders

Actual indirect materials costs

\(22,000

\)  12,500

Actual indirect labor costs

46,000

46,500

Other overhead costs

17,000

47,000

Overhead applied

88,200

105,200

Question: Why must a company estimate the amount of factory overhead assigned to individual jobs or job lots?

Bergamo Bay’s computer system generated the following trial balance on December 31, 2017. The company’s manager knows something is wrong with the trial balance because it does not show any balance for Work in Process Inventory but does show a balance for the Factory Overhead account. In addition, the accrued factory payroll (Factory Wages Payable) has not been recorded.

Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \(170,000

Accounts receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,000

Raw materials inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,000

Work in process inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0

Finished goods inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,000

Prepaid rent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,000

Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \)  17,000

Notes payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,000

Common stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,000

Retained earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271,000

Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373,000

Cost of goods sold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218,000

Factory overhead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,000

Operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,000

Totals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \(736,000 \)736,000

After examining various files, the manager identifies the following six source documents that need to be processed to bring the accounting records up to date.

Materials requisition 21-3010: \(10,200 direct materials to Job 402

Materials requisition 21-3011: \)18,600 direct materials to Job 404

Materials requisition 21-3012: \(5,600 indirect materials

Labor time ticket 6052: \)36,000 direct labor to Job 402

Labor time ticket 6053: \(23,800 direct labor to Job 404

Labor time ticket 6054: \)8,200 indirect labor

Jobs 402 and 404 are the only units in process at year-end. The predetermined overhead rate is 200% of direct labor cost.

Required

1. Use information on the six source documents to prepare journal entries to assign the following costs.

a. Direct materials costs to Work in Process Inventory.

b. Direct labor costs to Work in Process Inventory.

c. Overhead costs to Work in Process Inventory.

d. Indirect materials costs to the Factory Overhead account.

e. Indirect labor costs to the Factory Overhead account.

2. Determine the revised balance of the Factory Overhead account after making the entries in part 1. Determine whether there is any under- or overapplied overhead for the year. Prepare the adjusting entry to allocate any over- or underapplied overhead to Cost of Goods Sold, assuming the amount is not material.

3. Prepare a revised trial balance.

4. Prepare an income statement for 2017 and a balance sheet as of December 31, 2017.

Analysis Component

5. Assume that the $5,600 on materials requisition 21-3012 should have been direct materials charged to Job 404. Without providing specific calculations, describe the impact of this error on the income statement for 2017 and the balance sheet at December 31, 2017.

Refer to information in Exercise 15-7. Prepare the journal entry to close overapplied or underapplied overhead to Cost of Goods Sold.

Lorenzo Company uses a job order costing system that charges overhead to jobs on the basis of direct materials cost. At year-end, the Work in Process Inventory account shows the following

Work in Process Inventory

Acct. No. 121

Date

Explanation

Debit

Credit

Balance

2017

Dec. 31

Direct materials cost

1,500,000

1,500,000

31

Direct labor cost

300,000

1,800,000

31

Overhead applied

600,000

2,400,000

31

To finished goods

2,350,000

50,000

1. Determine the predetermined overhead rate used (based on direct materials cost).

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