Chapter 6: Q4DQ (page 304)
Why should the person who keeps the records of an asset not be the person responsible for its custody?
Answer
The separate recordkeeping principle decreases the risk of theft of an asset because the individual with command over assets realizes that someone else keeps its records.
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BTN 6-3 Harriet Knox, Ralph Patton, and Marcia Diamond work for a family physician, Dr. Gwen Conrad, who is in private practice. Dr. Conrad is knowledgeable about office management practices and has segregated the cash receipt duties as follows. Knox opens the mail and prepares a triplicate list of money received. She sends one copy of the list to Patton, the cashier, who deposits the receipts daily in the bank. Diamond, the recordkeeper, receives a copy of the list and posts payments to patients’ accounts. About once a month the office clerks have an expensive lunch they pay for as follows. First, Patton endorses a patient’s check in Dr. Conrad’s name and cashes it at the bank. Knox then destroys the remittance advice accompanying the check. Finally, Diamond posts payment to the customer’s account as a miscellaneous credit. The three justify their actions by their relatively low pay and knowledge that Dr. Conrad will likely never miss the money.
Required
3. What are some procedures to detect this type of fraud?
The following information is available to reconcile Severino Co.’s book balance of cash with its bank statement cash balance as of December 31, 2017.
a. The December 31 cash balance according to the accounting records is \(32,878.30, and the bank statement cash balance for that date is \)46,822.40.
b. Check No. 1273 for \(4,589.30 and Check No. 1282 for \)400, both written and entered in the accounting records in December, are not among the canceled checks. Two checks, No. 1231 for \(2,289 and
No. 1242 for \)410.40, were outstanding on the most recent November 30 reconciliation. Check No. 1231 is listed with the December canceled checks, but Check No. 1242 is not.
c. When the December checks are compared with entries in the accounting records, it is found that Check No. 1267 had been correctly drawn for \(3,456 to pay for office supplies but was erroneously entered in the accounting records as \)3,465.
d. Two memoranda are enclosed with the statement and are unrecorded at the time of the reconciliation. The first is for a \(762.50 charge that dealt with an NSF check for \)745 received from a customer, Titus Industries, in payment of its account. The bank assessed a \(17.50 fee for processing it. The second is \)99 in miscellaneous expenses for check printing.
e. The bank statement shows that the bank collected \(19,000 cash on a note receivable for the company, deducted a \)20 collection expense, and credited the balance to the company’s Cash account. Severino did not record this transaction before receiving the statement.
f. Severino’s December 31 daily cash receipts of $9,583.10 were placed in the bank’s night depository on that date but do not appear on the December 31 bank statement.
Required
2. Prepare the journal entries (in dollars and cents) necessary to bring the company’s book balance of cash into conformity with the reconciled cash balance as of December 31, 2017.
Answer each of the following related to international accounting standards.
b. Cash presents special internal control challenges. How do internal controls for cash differ for accounting systems reporting under IFRS versus U.S. GAAP? How do the procedures applied differ across those two accounting systems?
Refer to Samsung’s balance sheet in Appendix A. How does its cash (titled “Cash and cash equivalents”) compare with its other current assets (in both amount and percent) as of December 31, 2015? Compare and assess its cash at December 31, 2015, with its cash at December 31, 2014.
Chavez Company most recently reconciled its bank statement and book balances of cash on August 31 and it reported two checks outstanding, No. 5888 for \(1,028.05 and No. 5893 for \)494.25. The following information is available for its September 30, 2017, reconciliation.
From the September 30 Bank Statement 16,800.45 9,620.05 11,272.85 18,453.25 PREVIOUS BALANCE TOTAL CHECKS AND DEBITS TOTAL DEPOSITS AND CREDITS CURRENT BALANCE Date 09/03 09/04 09/07 09/20 09/17 09/22 09/22 09/28 09/29 CHECKS AND DEBITS DEPOSITS AND CREDITS 5888 1,028.05 09/05 1,103.75 No. Amount Date Amount 5902 719.90 09/12 2,226.90 5901 1,824.25 09/21 4,093.00 5905 937.00 09/30 12.50 IN 09/25 2,351.70 5903 399.10 09/30 1,485.00 CM 5904 5907 5909 2,090.00 213.85 1,807.65
From Chavez Company’s Accounting Records Cash Acct. No. 101 Date Explanation PR Debit Credit Balance Aug. 31 Balance 15,278.15 Sep. 30 Total receipts R12 11,458.10 26,736.25 30 Total disbursements D23 9,332.05 17,404.20 Cash Receipts Deposited Cash Date Debit Sep. 5 1,103.75 12 2,226.90 21 4,093.00 25 2,351.70 30 1,682.75 11,458.10 Cash Disbursements Check Cash No. Credit 5901 1,824.25 5902 719.90 5903 399.10 5904 2,060.00 5905 937.00 5906 982.30 5907 213.85 5908 388.00 5909 1,807.65 9,332.05
Additional Information
Check No. 5904 is correctly drawn for \(2,090 to pay for computer equipment; however, the recordkeeper misread the amount and entered it in the accounting records with a debit to Computer Equipment and a credit to Cash of \)2,060. The NSF check shown in the statement was originally received from a customer, S. Nilson, in payment of her account. Its return has not yet been recorded by the company. The credit memorandum (CM) is from the collection of a \(1,500 note for Chavez Company by the bank. The bank deducted a \)15 collection expense. The collection and fee are not yet recorded.
Required
2. Prepare the journal entries (in dollars and cents) to adjust the book balance of cash to the reconciled balance.
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