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Smythe Co. makes furniture. The following data are taken from its production plans for the year.

Direct labor costs ……………………………………………………….. $5,870,000

Hazardous waste disposal costs …………………………………….. 630,000

Chairs Tables

Expected production ……………………………… 211,000 units 17,000 units

Direct labor hours required ……………………… 254,000 DLH 16,400 DLH

Hazardous waste disposed ……………………… 200 pounds 800 pounds

Required

1. Determine the hazardous waste disposal cost per unit for chairs and for tables if costs are assigned using a single plantwide overhead rate based on direct labor hours.

2. Determine hazardous waste disposal costs per unit for chairs and for tables if costs are assigned based on the number of pounds disposed of.

3. Which method is better for assigning costs to each product? Explain.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Answer

Under the single plantwide method

Cost per unit for chairs:$2.8

Cost per unit for tables:$2.25

Under the ABC method

Cost per unit for chairs:$0.59

Cost per unit for tables: $29.65

Step by step solution

01

Under single plant wide method

TotalHWdisposalcostforChairs=TotalHWdisposalcostTotaldirectlaborhours×DirectlaborhoursforChair=$630,000254,000+16,400×25,000=$591,790

HWdisposalcostperunitforChairs=HWdisposalcostassignedtoChairsExpectedProductionofChairs=$591,790211,000=$2.80

TotalHWdisposalcostforTables=TotalHWdisposalcostTotaldirectlaborhours×DirectlaborhoursforTables=$630,00254,000+16,400×16,400=$38,210

HWdisposalcostperunitforTables=HWdisposalcostassignedtoTablesExpetedProductionofTables=$38,21017,000=$2.25

02

Under ABC method

TotalHWdisposalcostforChairs=TotalHWdisposalcostTotalHWdisposed×HWdisposedbyChairs=$630,000200+800×200=$126,000

HWdisposalcostperunitforChairs=HwdisposalcostassignestoChairsExpectedProductionofChairs=$126,000211,000=$0.59

localid="1662386891835" TotalHWdisposalcostforTables=TotalHWdisposalcostTotalHWdisposed×HWdisposedbyTables=$630,000200+800×800=$504,000

HWdisposalcostperforTables=HWdisposalcostassignedtoTablesExpectedProductionofTables=$504,00017,000=$29.65

03

Comparison of methods

Based on the above analysis, ABC costing method is most appropriate for assigning overhead costs. The reason is that in the ABC method the overheads are assigned based on the activity level for that overhead cost.

In the given case, the hazardous waste is more for the table than the chairs. So logically the table should bear more hazardous waste costs than chairs. ABC method provides this solution and in the given case the tables have been allocated more overhead costs than chairs under ABC allocation.

In the single plantwide rate, the overheads have been allocated unjustly based on direct labor hours which is not associated with the hazardous waste activity.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The chief executive officer (CEO) of your company recently returned from a luncheon meeting

where activity-based costing was presented and discussed. Though her background is not in accounting, she has worked for the company for 15 years and is thoroughly familiar with its operations. Her impression of the presentation about ABC was that it was just another way of dividing up total overhead cost and that the total would still be the same “no matter how you sliced it.”

Required

Write a memorandum to the CEO, no more than one page, explaining how ABC is different from traditional volume-based costing methods. Also, identify its advantages and disadvantages vis-à-vis traditional methods. Be sure it is written to be understandable to someone who is not an accountant.

Xylon Company manufactures custom-made furniture for its local market and produces a line of home furnishings sold in retail stores across the country. The company uses traditional volume-based methods of assigning direct materials and direct labor to its product lines. Overhead has always been assigned by using a plantwide overhead rate based on direct labor hours. In the past few years, management has seen its line of retail products continue to sell at high volumes, but competition has forced it to lower prices on these items. The prices are declining to a level close to its cost of production. Meanwhile, its custom-made furniture is in high demand, and customers have commented on its favourable (lower) prices compared to its competitors. Management is considering dropping its line of retail products and devoting all of its resources to custom-made furniture.

Required

1. What reasons could explain why competitors are forcing the company to lower prices on its highvolume retail products?

2. Why do you believe the company charges less for custom-order products than its competitors?

3. Does a company’s costing method have any effect on its pricing decisions? Explain.

4. Aside from the differences in volume of output, what production differences do you believe exist between making custom-order furniture and mass-market furnishings?

5. What information might the company obtain from using ABC that it might not obtain using volume-based costing methods?

SP 17 After reading an article about activity-based costing in a trade journal for the furniture industry, Santana Rey wondered if it was time to critically analyze overhead costs at Business Solutions. In a recent month, Santana found that setup costs, inspection costs, and utility costs made up most of its overhead. Additional information about overhead follows.

Activity Cost Driver

Setting up machines ……………….. \( 20,000 25 batches

Inspecting components …………… \) 7,500 5,000 parts

Providing utilities …………………… \( 10,000 5,000 machine hours

Overhead has been applied to output at a rate of 50% of direct labor costs. The following data pertain to Job 615.

Direct materials ……………………………………….. \)2,500

Direct labor …………………………………………….. $3,500

Batches …………………………………………………. 2 batches

Number of parts ……………………………………….. 400 parts

Machine hours …………………………………………. 600 machine hours

Required

1. Classify each of its three overhead activities as unit level, batch level, product level, or facility level.

2. What is the total cost of Job 615 if Business Solutions applies overhead at 50% of direct labor cost?

3. What is the total cost of Job 615 if Business Solutions uses activity-based costing?

4. Which approach to assigning overhead gives a better representation of the costs incurred to produce Job 615? Explain.

Apple must assign overhead costs to its products. Activity-based costing is generally considered more accurate than other methods of assigning overhead. If this is so, why don’t all manufacturing companies use it?

Toyota embraces lean techniques, including lean accounting. What are the key components of lean accounting?

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