Chapter 4: 4-10DQ (page 205)
What is the difference between the single-step and multiple-step income statement formats?
Single-step income statement does not categorize expenses as done by the multiple-step income statement, and it also does not make any intermediate calculations.
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Use the following information (in random order) from a merchandising company and from a service company. Hint: Not all information may be necessary for the solutions.
a. For the merchandiser only, compute:
1. Goods available for sale.
2. Cost of goods sold.
3. Gross profit.
b. Compute net income for each company.
| Kleiner Merchandising Company | |
Accumulated depreciation | \(700 |
Beginning inventory | 5,000 |
Ending inventory | 1,700 |
Expenses | 1,450 |
Net purchases | 3,900 |
Net sales | 9,500 |
| Krug service company | |
Expenses | \)12,500 |
Revenues | 14,000 |
Cash | 700 |
Prepaid rent | 800 |
Accounts payable | 200 |
Equipment | 1,300 |
Refer to the income statement of Samsung in Appendix A. Does its income statement report a gross profit figure? If yes, what is the amount?
Prepare journal entries to record each of the following sales transactions of a merchandising company. The company uses a perpetual inventory system and the gross method.
Apr. 1 Sold merchandise for \(3,000, with credit terms n∕30; invoice dated April1. The cost of the merchandise is \)1,800.
4 The customer in the April 1 sale returned \(300 of merchandise for full credit. The merchandise, which had cost \)180, is returned to inventory.
8 Sold merchandise for \(1,000, with credit terms of 1∕10, n∕30; invoice dated April 8. Cost of the merchandise is \)700.
11 Received payment for the amount due from the April 1 sale less the return on April 4.
The following unadjusted trial balance is prepared at fiscal year-end for Nelson Company.
| NELSON COMPANY | ||
| Unadjusted Trial Balance | ||
| January 31, 2017 | ||
Debit | Credit | |
Cash | \(1,000 | |
Merchandise inventory | 12,500 | |
Store supplies | 5,800 | |
Prepaid insurance | 2,400 | |
Store equipment | 42,900 | |
Accumulated depreciation – store equipment | \)15,250 | |
Account payable | 10,000 | |
Common stock | 5,000 | |
Retained earnings | 27,000 | |
Dividends | 2,200 | |
Sales | 111,950 | |
Sales discount | 2,000 | |
Sales return and allowance | 2,200 | |
Cost of goods sold | 38,400 | |
Depreciation expenses – store equipment | 0 | |
Salaries expenses | 35,000 | |
Insurance expense | 0 | |
Rent expense | 15,000 | |
Store supplies expense | 0 | |
Advertising expense | 9,800 | |
Total | \(169,200 | \)169,200 |
Rent expense and salaries expense are equally divided between selling activities and general and administrative activities. Nelson Company uses a perpetual inventory system.
Required
1. Prepare adjusting journal entries to reflect each of the following:
a. Store supplies still available at fiscal year-end amount to \(1,750.
b. Expired insurance, an administrative expense, for the fiscal year is \)1,400.
c. Depreciation expense on store equipment, a selling expense, is \(1,525 for the fiscal year.
d. To estimate shrinkage, a physical count of ending merchandise inventory is taken. It shows \)10,900 of inventory is still available at fiscal year-end.
2. Prepare a multiple-step income statement for fiscal year 2017 that begins with gross sales and includes separate categories for net sales, cost of goods sold, selling expenses, and general and administrative expenses.
3. Prepare a single-step income statement for fiscal year 2017.
4. Compute the current ratio, acid-test ratio, and gross margin ratio as of January 31, 2017. (Round ratios to two decimals.)
SP 4 Santana Rey created Business Solutions on October 1, 2017. The company has been successful, and its list of customers has grown. To accommodate the growth, the accounting system is modified to set up separate accounts for each customer. The following chart of accounts includes the account number used for each account and any balance as of December 31, 2017. Santana Rey decided to add a fourth digit with a decimal point to the 106 account number that had been used for the single Accounts Receivable account. This change allows the company to continue using the existing chart of accounts.
No | Account title | Dr. | Cr. |
101 | Cash | \(48,372 | |
106.1 | Alex’s Engineering Co | 0 | |
106.2 | Wildcat Services | 0 | |
106.3 | Easy leasing | 0 | |
106.4 | IFM Co | 3,000 | |
106.5 | Liu Corp | 0 | |
106.6 | Gomez Co | 2,668 | |
106.7 | Delta Co | 0 | |
106.8 | Kc Inc | 0 | |
106.9 | Dream Inc | 0 | |
119 | Merchandise inventory | 0 | |
126 | Computer supplies | 580 | |
128 | Prepaid insurance | 1,665 | |
131 | Prepaid rent | 825 | |
163 | Office equipment | 8,000 | |
164 | Accumulated depreciation – office equipment | \)400 | |
167 | Computer equipment | 20,000 | |
168 | Accumulated depreciation – computer equipment | 1,250 | |
201 | Accounts payable | 1,100 | |
210 | Wages payable | 500 | |
236 | Unearned computer service revenue | 1,500 | |
307 | Common stock | 73,000 | |
318 | Retained earnings | 7,360 | |
319 | Dividend | 0 | |
403 | Computer service revenue | 0 | |
413 | Sales | 0 | |
414 | Sales return and allowances | 0 | |
415 | Sales discount | 0 | |
502 | Cost of goods sold | 0 | |
612 | Depreciation expenses – office equipment | 0 | |
613 | Depreciation expenses – computer equipment | 0 | |
623 | Wages expenses | 0 | |
637 | Insurance expenses | 0 | |
640 | Rent expenses | 0 | |
652 | Computer supplies expenses | 0 | |
655 | Advertising expenses | 0 | |
676 | Mileage expenses | 0 | |
677 | Miscellaneous expenses | 0 | |
684 | Repair expenses - computer | 0 |
In response to requests from customers, S. Rey will begin selling computer software. The company will extend credit terms of 1∕10, n∕30, FOB shipping point, to all customers who purchase this merchandise. However, no cash discount is available on consulting fees. Additional accounts (Nos. 119, 413, 414, 415, and 502) are added to its general ledger to accommodate the company’s new merchandising activities. Also, Business Solutions does not use reversing entries and, therefore, all revenue and expense accounts have zero beginning balances as of January 1, 2018. Its transactions for January through March follow:
Jan. 4 The company paid cash to Lyn Addie for five days’ work at the rate of \(125 per day. Four of the five days relate to wages payable that were accrued in the prior year.
5 Santana Rey invested an additional \)25,000 cash in the company in exchange for more common stock.
7 The company purchased \(5,800 of merchandise from Kansas Corp. with terms of 1∕10, n∕30, FOB shipping point, invoice dated January 7.
9 The company received \)2,668 cash from Gomez Co. as full payment on its account.
11 The company completed a five-day project for Alex’s Engineering Co. and billed it \(5,500, which is the total price of \)7,000 less the advance payment of \(1,500.
13 The company sold merchandise with a retail value of \)5,200 and a cost of \(3,560 to Liu Corp., invoice dated January 13.
15 The company paid \)600 cash for freight charges on the merchandise purchased on January 7.
16 The company received \(4,000 cash from Delta Co. for computer services provided.
17 The company paid Kansas Corp. for the invoice dated January 7, net of the discount.
20 Liu Corp. returned \)500 of defective merchandise from its invoice dated January 13. The returned merchandise, which had a \(320 cost, is discarded. (The policy of Business Solutions is to leave the cost of defective products in Cost of Goods Sold.)
22 The company received the balance due from Liu Corp., net of both the discount and the credit for the returned merchandise.
24 The company returned defective merchandise to Kansas Corp. and accepted a credit against future purchases. The defective merchandise invoice cost, net of the discount, was \)496.
26 The company purchased \(9,000 of merchandise from Kansas Corp. with terms of 1∕10, n∕30, FOB destination, invoice dated January 26.
26 The company sold merchandise with a \)4,640 cost for \(5,800 on credit to KC, Inc., invoice dated January 26.
31 The company paid cash to Lyn Addie for 10 days’ work at \)125 per day
Feb. 1 The company paid \(2,475 cash to Hillside Mall for another three months’ rent in advance.
3 The company paid Kansas Corp. for the balance due, net of the cash discount, less the \)496 amount in the credit memorandum.
5 The company paid \(600 cash to the local newspaper for an advertising insert in today’s paper.
11 The company received the balance due from Alex’s Engineering Co. for fees billed on January 11.
15 The company paid \)4,800 cash in dividends.
23 The company sold merchandise with a \(2,660 cost for \)3,220 on credit to Delta Co., invoice dated February 23.
26 The company paid cash to Lyn Addie for eight days’ work at \(125 per day.
27 The company reimbursed Santana Rey for business automobile mileage (600 miles at \)0.32 per mile).
Mar. 8 The company purchased \(2,730 of computer supplies from Harris Office Products on credit, invoice dated March 8.
9 The company received the balance due from Delta Co. for merchandise sold on February 23.
11 The company paid \)960 cash for minor repairs to the company’s computer.
16 The company received \(5,260 cash from Dream, Inc., for computing services provided.
19 The company paid the full amount due to Harris Office Products, consisting of amounts created on December 15 (of \)1,100) and March 8.
24 The company billed Easy Leasing for \(9,047 of computing services provided.
25 The company sold merchandise with a \)2,002 cost for \(2,800 on credit to Wildcat Services, invoice dated March 25.
30 The company sold merchandise with a \)1,048 cost for \(2,220 on credit to IFM Company, invoice dated March 30.
31 The company reimbursed Santana Rey for business automobile mileage (400 miles at \)0.32 per mile).
The following additional facts are available for preparing adjustments on March 31 prior to financial statement preparation:
a. The March 31 amount of computer supplies still available totals \(2,005.
b. Three more months have expired since the company purchased its annual insurance policy at a \)2,220 cost for 12 months of coverage.
c. Lyn Addie has not been paid for seven days of work at the rate of \(125 per day.
d. Three months have passed since any prepaid rent has been transferred to expense. The monthly rent expense is \)825.
e. Depreciation on the computer equipment for January 1 through March 31 is \(1,250.
f. Depreciation on the office equipment for January 1 through March 31 is \)400.
g. The March 31 amount of merchandise inventory still available totals $704.
Required
1. Prepare journal entries to record each of the January through March transactions.
2. Post the journal entries in part 1 to the accounts in the company’s general ledger. (Note: Begin with the ledger’s post-closing adjusted balances as of December 31, 2017.)
3. Prepare a partial work sheet consisting of the first six columns (similar to the one shown in Exhibit 4B.1) that includes the unadjusted trial balance, the March 31 adjustments (a) through (g), and the adjusted trial balance. Do not prepare closing entries and do not journalize the adjustments or post them to the ledger.
4. Prepare an income statement (from the adjusted trial balance in part 3) for the three months ended March 31, 2018. Use a single-step format. List all expenses without differentiating between selling expenses and general and administrative expenses.
5. Prepare a statement of retained earnings (from the adjusted trial balance in part 3) for the three months ended March 31, 2018.
6. Prepare a classified balance sheet (from the adjusted trial balance) as of March 31, 2018.
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