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Why does a progressive tax code produce a retirement annuity for a middle-class household that is similar to that which would follow from a flat tax?

Short Answer

Expert verified

To make retirement benefits sustainable to lower income groups too.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of Progressive tax code 

The system of paying higher taxes by those who earn more is known as progressive tax code.

02

Explanation on features of progressive tax code

The progressive tax code underlines the importance of taxes during retirement years. In case these are high, they may defeat the purpose of tax shelter during unproductive age. Hence this code allocates higher tax share for retirement benefits to lower income groups under social security annuity. This also helps the retired people to manage their taxes after retirement.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What type of investors would be interested in a target date retirement fund?Why?

Return again to the previous problem. Now suppose that the manager misestimates thebeta of Waterworks stock, believing it to be .50 instead of .75. The standard deviation ofthe monthly market rate of return is 5%.

a. What is the standard deviation of the (now improperly) hedged portfolio?

b. What is the probability of incurring a loss over the next month if the monthly marketreturn has an expected value of 1% and a standard deviation of 5%? Compare youranswer to the probability you found in Problem 16.

c. What would be the probability of a loss using the data in the previous problem if themanager similarly misestimated beta as .50 instead of .75? Compare your answer tothe probability you found in the previous problem.

d. Why does the misestimation of beta matter somuch more for the 100-stock portfoliothan it does for the 1-stock portfolio?

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a. If he holds a \(3 million portfolio of Waterworks stock and wishes to hedge market exposure for the next month using one-month maturity S&P 500 futures contracts, how many contracts should he enter? Should he buy or sell contracts? The S&P 500 currently is at 1,000 and the contract multiplier is \)250.

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Assume the risk-free rate is .5% per month.

A plan sponsor with a portfolio manager who invests in small capitalization, high-growthstocks should have the plan sponsor’s performance measured against which one of thefollowing?

a. S&P 500 Index.

b. Wilshire 5000 Index.

c. Dow Jones Industrial Average.

d. Russell 2000 Index.

A clearly written investment policy statement is critical for:

a. Mutual funds.

b. Individuals.

c. Pension funds.

d. All investors.

Which of the following statements reflects the importance of the asset allocation decisionto the investment process? The asset allocation decision:

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