Question

In frog, mesorchium is a thin fold of membrane extending between (a) two testes (b) liver and kidneys (c) two kidneys (d) kidneys and testes.

Short answer

The mesorchium in frogs extends between (a) two testes.

Step-by-step solution

Definition of Mesorchium

The mesorchium is a term referring to a structure in male frogs. It specifically relates to their reproductive system and the connectivity between specific organs. We need to know which organs are connected by the mesorchium.

Identify the Correct Pair of Organs

The mesorchium is a membrane that connects the testes to each other within the male frog. This membrane serves as a pathway for blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves that supply the testes.

Choose the Correct Answer

Based on the definition and function of the mesorchium, we can deduce that it extends between the two testes. Therefore, the correct option is (a) two testes.

Key concepts

Frog Reproductive System

Understanding the reproductive system of frogs is essential when studying basic vertebrate biology and anatomy. Unlike mammals, frogs have distinct differences in their reproductive organs and processes.

In male frogs, the primary reproductive organs are the testes, which produce sperm. These testes are situated within the frog's body cavity and are connected by a thin membrane called the mesorchium. As for female frogs, they have ovaries that produce eggs, and these are connected by a structure known as mesovarium.

The breeding process in frogs is called amplexus, during which the male clasps the female from behind and externally fertilizes the eggs as she lays them. This external fertilization is typical of amphibians, unlike the internal fertilization observed in mammals. Frogs do not have complex reproductive systems such as intricate copulatory organs, which simplifies their anatomy compared to other vertebrates.

Mesorchium Function

The role of the mesorchium within the male frog's reproductive system is straightforward but vital. This thin fold of membrane serves multiple important functions, anchoring and supporting the testes within the body cavity.

Functionally, the mesorchium provides a conduit for the necessary blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves. These connections ensure that the testes receive an adequate supply of blood, are able to drain excess fluids, and are innervated properly for optimal function.

The health and proper function of the mesorchium are essential to the frog's reproductive abilities. Any damage or disease affecting this delicate structure could impair the frog's reproductive capabilities. The simplicity of the mesorchium reflects the generally uncomplicated nature of amphibian anatomy and physiology.

Frog Anatomy

Studying frog anatomy gives valuable insight into evolutionary biology and comparative anatomy among vertebrates. Frogs have a unique anatomical design that supports their amphibious lifestyle, both on land and in water.

The internal anatomy of frogs comprises several simplified systems. For instance, the circulatory system has a three-chambered heart, different from the four-chambered heart of mammals. The respiratory system allows frogs to breathe through their skin as well as their lungs, adapting to aquatic and terrestrial environments.

Furthermore, the skeletal system of frogs is also specialized. They have long hind legs for jumping and a rigid spine, providing structural support and aiding in locomotion. Understanding the anatomical features, such as the mesorchium, contributes to a greater comprehension of how frogs have evolved to survive and thrive in their ecological niches.