Question

Match Column-I with Column-II and select the correct option from the codes given below. Column-I A. Simple columnar B. Cardiac musde C Adipose tissue D. Hyaline cartilage Column-ll (i) Wall of heart epithefium (ii) Bone joints (iii) Inner lining of stomach and intestine (iv) Below the skin in the abdomen, buttocks, thighs and breasts (v) Diaphragm (a) \(\mathrm{A}-(\mathrm{iii}), \mathrm{B}-(\mathrm{i}), \mathrm{C}-(\mathrm{ii}), \mathrm{D}-(\mathrm{iv})\) (b) \(A-(i i i), B-(v), C-(i i), D-(i v)\) (c) \(\mathrm{A}-(\mathrm{i}), \mathrm{B}-(\mathrm{iii}), \mathrm{C}-(\mathrm{iv}), \mathrm{D}-(\mathrm{v})\) (d) \(A-(i i i), B-(i), C-(i v), D-(i i)\)

Short answer

Option (d) is correct.

Step-by-step solution

Identify the Tissue Types and Their Locations

Understand the types of tissues listed in Column-I and associate them with their correct locations/functions described in Column-II. Simple columnar epithelium is found in the inner lining of the stomach and intestines, cardiac muscle makes up the wall of the heart, adipose tissue is located below the skin in various parts such as the abdomen, buttocks, thighs, and breasts, and hyaline cartilage is found in bone joints.

Match Column-I with Column-II

Match each tissue type from Column-I with its correct location from Column-II. A. Simple columnar epithelium matches (iii) the inner lining of the stomach and intestine, B. Cardiac muscle matches (i) the wall of the heart, C. Adipose tissue matches (iv) below the skin in the abdomen, buttocks, thighs, and breasts, and D. Hyaline cartilage matches (ii) bone joints.

Select the Correct Option

Using the matches made in Step 2, compare with the options given. The correct option would be: A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii), which is in line with option (d).

Key concepts

Simple Columnar Epithelium

The simple columnar epithelium is a type of tissue that lines the internal surfaces of the body. As the name suggests, it's composed of a single layer of tall, column-shaped cells. These cells are aligned in a neat row, like columns, and serve several crucial functions, such as absorption, secretion, and protection.

For instance, they are found lining the inner walls of the stomach and intestines, where they are responsible for absorbing nutrients from the food you eat. They also secrete mucus that lubricates and protects the lining of the digestive system. Their elongated shape provides a large surface area for these processes to occur effectively. This tissue type is one of four main types of epithelial tissues.

Cardiac Muscle

Cardiac muscle tissue is a specialized type of muscle found only in your heart. Its primary role is to contract and pump blood throughout your body. Unlike skeletal muscle, which can be controlled voluntarily, cardiac muscle works involuntarily—your heart keeps beating without you having to think about it.

The cells of cardiac muscle, known as cardiomyocytes, are striated (striped in appearance) and have a unique feature, intercalated discs, that connect the cells and help synchronize their contraction. This ensures that the heart beats in a cohesive and coordinated rhythm, an essential function for maintaining life.

Adipose Tissue

Adipose tissue, commonly known as body fat, is more than just a storage site for excess energy. It plays several important roles in your body, such as insulation to maintain body temperature, protection of organs, and hormone production.

Adipose tissue is found in many areas of the body, including beneath the skin (subcutaneous fat) and around internal organs (visceral fat). The cells in adipose tissue, called adipocytes, are filled with fat droplets that can expand or shrink depending on the body's energy needs. In this way, adipose tissue operates as a crucial energy reserve.

Hyaline Cartilage

Hyaline cartilage is a type of connective tissue found in various parts of the body, including the joints, ribs, nose, and trachea. It is the most common form of cartilage and provides a smooth surface for the movement of bones at joints, a critical function for all types of body movements.

The tissue is made up of a dense network of collagen fibers, which give it its strength, and chondrocytes, the cells responsible for producing the cartilaginous matrix. Despite its strength, hyaline cartilage has limited repair capabilities, which is why joint injuries often take a long time to heal.