Question

Select the incorrect matching: Hormone target organ (a) Secretin pancreas (b) CCK pancreas and Gallbladder (c) ANF atrial wall (d) Gastrin gastric glands

Short answer

The incorrect pairing is (d) Gastrin gastric glands.

Step-by-step solution

Analyze each option individually

First, let's look at each option independently. (a) Secretin pancreas: Secretin is a hormone made by the small intestine. This hormone stimulates the pancreas to release a fluid that neutralizes stomach acid and aids in digestion. So, this option is correct. (b) CCK pancreas and Gallbladder: Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a hormone that stimulates the digestion of fat and protein. It causes the pancreas to produce the necessary digestive enzymes and prompts the gallbladder to expel bile. So, this option is also correct. (c) ANF atrial wall: Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is a hormone which is secreted by the atria in the heart when a person has too much salt and water in their blood. It reduces the water, sodium and adipose loads on the circulatory system, thereby reducing blood pressure. So, this option is correct. (d) Gastrin gastric glands: Gastrin is a hormone that stimulates the stomach to secrete the gastric acid needed for digestion. Its main target are the gastric glands in the stomach. So, this option is incorrect.

Identify the incorrect pair

The incorrect pair out of all the given options is (d) Gastrin and gastric glands. Gastrin does stimulate gastric glands, but these glands are in the stomach not the pancreas as the pair states.

Key concepts

Secretion

Secretion in endocrinology is a fascinating and essential process. It's all about the release of substances, usually from glands, into the body for a specific function. Different hormones are secreted by various glands, and each plays a unique role. Let's delve a bit deeper into how this works.

Hormones are like chemical messengers. They travel through the bloodstream to their specific target organs. Secretin, for example, is secreted by the small intestine. Its job? To tell the pancreas to release a particular fluid. This fluid, rich in bicarbonate, neutralizes stomach acid.

• Glands actively secrete hormones in response to stimuli.
• Not all secretions are hormonal; some are enzymes or other chemical substances.
• Examples include insulin from the pancreas and adrenaline from the adrenal glands.

Each hormone must be precisely secreted to maintain homeostasis in the body. Think of secretion as the body's way to communicate internally and externally, always working to regulate processes seamlessly.

Hormone Target Organs

Hormones have specific target organs, which means each hormone affects certain tissues or organs destined to respond. This specificity is like a lock-and-key system where only the right hormone (key) can "unlock" a reaction in its target organ (lock).

Consider cholecystokinin (CCK). This hormone targets both the gallbladder and the pancreas. It stimulates the gallbladder to release bile, crucial for fat digestion, and prompts the pancreas to release digestive enzymes.

• Secretin targets the pancreas, emphasizing the complexity and specificity of hormone interactions.
• Each target organ has receptors specifically tuned to respond to its hormone.
• Incorrect hormone-target organ pairings can lead to misunderstandings or errors, just like in our exercise with Gastrin and gastric glands.

Understanding where each hormone acts helps us appreciate the delicate balance of human physiology. This balance ensures that all systems work towards the common goal of maintaining health.

Digestion Process

The digestion process is an intricate and well-coordinated sequence of events. It begins the moment food enters your mouth and continues until nutrients are absorbed and waste is expelled.

Several hormones, like secretin, play crucial roles in guiding digestion. Secretin prompts the pancreas to release digestive fluids to aid food breakdown. Another key player, gastrin, stimulates the stomach's gastric glands to secrete hydrochloric acid.

• It involves both mechanical and chemical digestion to break down food into absorbable components.
• The small intestine is a major site for digestion and absorption, aided by secretin and CCK.
• Without efficient digestion, nutrients wouldn't be adequately extracted from food.

By using digestive hormones efficiently, the body ensures the food is properly processed, providing energy and building blocks for cells. The success of this complex process depends on each hormone contacting its correct target organ, demonstrating the body's remarkable coordination.