Question

Select the correct matching: Column I A. Paramecium B. Hydra C. Human Column II 1\. Cilia 2\. Tentacles 3\. Limbs Column III X. Movement of food through cytopharynx and locomotion. Y. Capturing of prey and for locomotion. Z. Changes in body posture and for locomotion. (a) \(\mathrm{A}-1-\mathrm{X}, \mathrm{B}-2-\mathrm{Y}, \mathrm{C}-3-\mathrm{Z}\) (b) \(\mathrm{A}-1-\mathrm{Z}, \mathrm{B}-3-\mathrm{X}, \mathrm{C}-2-\mathrm{Y}\) (c) \(\mathrm{A}-3-\mathrm{Z}, \mathrm{B}-1-\mathrm{X}, \mathrm{C}-2-\mathrm{Y}\) (d) \(\mathrm{A}-2-\mathrm{Y}, \mathrm{B}-3-\mathrm{X}, \mathrm{C}-1-\mathrm{Z}\)

Short answer

(a) A-1-X, B-2-Y, C-3-Z is the correct choice of matching. A (Paramecium) corresponds with 1 (Cilia) and X (Movement of food through cytopharynx and locomotion). B (Hydra) matches with 2 (Tentacles) and Y (Capturing of prey and for locomotion). C (Human) with 3 (Limbs) and Z (Changes in body posture and for locomotion).

Step-by-step solution

Identify the characteristic attributes of Paramecium, Hydra and Human

Paramecium has hair-like structures all around its body, called Cilia. Hydra has tentacle-like structures and Humans have limbs - arms and legs.

Identify the functions each attribute serves

The Cilia in Paramecium serve the purpose of moving food through the cytopharynx and assist in locomotion. Hydra use their Tentacles to capture prey and assist in locomotion. Humans use Limbs for changes in body posture and locomotion.

Match the organisms with their attributes and corresponding functions

By comparing the information from steps 1 and 2, you can identify the correct matching caused by each feature and function. The correct matching, therefore, will be A-1-X, B-2-Y, and C-3-Z.

Key concepts

Animal Characteristics

Animal characteristics seamlessly bridge form and function in diverse organisms. Let's simplify the distinct attributes of Paramecium, Hydra, and Humans to grasp their special features. - **Paramecium**: This microscopic organism is adorned with tiny hair-like structures called Cilia. These cilia cover its entire surface, facilitating its survival in aquatic environments. - **Hydra**: It possesses tentacle-like structures used for capturing prey and moving about. - **Humans**: Known for their limbs, humans possess arms and legs which play pivotal roles in various activities including movement. Each of these animal characteristics is ingeniously adapted to the needs of the organism, ensuring their ability not only to survive but to thrive in their respective environments.

Locomotion in Animals

Locomotion is a crucial aspect of animal life, enabling them to navigate environments and obtain resources. Different organisms use unique mechanisms to achieve locomotion. - **Paramecium**: The coordinated movement of its Cilia propels it through water. The cilia beat rhythmically, allowing it to travel and direct food into its cytopharynx, an essential internal structure. - **Hydra**: Its tentacles, which can expand and contract, help it "walk" or remain anchored even as they catch prey. This allows a minimal form of locomotion that suits its lifestyle. - **Humans**: Using their muscular limbs for walking, running, and balancing, humans exhibit a complex range of movements. This versatility emphasizes the importance of limbs in sophisticated body posture adjustments necessary for various tasks. These unique forms of locomotion illustrate how diverse methods can emerge based on evolutionary needs and environmental necessities.

Biological Structures and Functions

Every animal's biological structure is geared towards specific functional requirements indispensable for survival. - **Cilia in Paramecium**: These structures are vital not only for propelling the organism through water but also in feeding by moving particles towards an oral groove. This multifunctionality highlights the efficiency of its design. - **Tentacles in Hydra**: The tentacles serve as extensions to capture prey effectively, and their flexibility aids in limited mobility. Thus, they play dual roles in feeding and locomotion with subtle movements. - **Limbs in Humans**: Arms and legs are crucial for a vast range of activities. From simple gestures to complex locomotion and manipulation of objects. Their skeletal and muscular composition allows humans to tackle various physical demands. Biological structures often serve multiple purposes, underscoring the intricate interconnections between form and function in the animal kingdom.