Question

The values of GFR in an healthy individual is (a) \(125 \mathrm{ml} / \mathrm{min}\) (b) \(150 \mathrm{ml} / \mathrm{min}\) (c) \(100 \mathrm{ml} / \mathrm{min}\) (d) \(200 \mathrm{ml} / \mathrm{min}\)

Short answer

The correct answer is (a) \(125 \mathrm{ml} / \mathrm{min}\).

Step-by-step solution

Understand the GFR values

The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a measure of how well your kidneys filter blood. It's important to know the average GFR for a healthy individual, which typically ranges from 90 to 120 ml/min.

Compare the given options with the standard range

In the given exercise, the options are: (a) 125 ml/min, (b) 150 ml/min, (c) 100 ml/min, and (d) 200 ml/min. Comparing these with the standard range, it's clear that options (b) and (d) are above the standard range.

Select the correct option

Option (a) 125 ml/min, and option (c) 100 ml/min fall within the standard range for a healthy individual. However, 125 ml/min is more likely to be the average GFR standard, so option (a) is the correct answer.

Key concepts

Kidney Function

The kidneys are vital organs that play a critical role in maintaining overall body health. Their primary function is to filter waste products and excess substances from the blood, which are then excreted as urine. The measure of this filtration process is known as the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR).

GFR represents the volume of blood that is filtered by the glomeruli, a network of tiny blood vessels in the kidneys, per minute. A typical GFR for a healthy adult is approximately 125 milliliters per minute, as indicated by option (a) in the textbook exercise. This value signifies the efficiency of the kidneys in cleansing the blood and maintaining a stable internal environment, a concept known as homeostasis. Maintaining adequate GFR is crucial for preventing accumulation of waste products and ensuring the right balance of electrolytes and fluids in the body.

Understanding GFR is also important for diagnosing and managing kidney diseases, as a decreased GFR might indicate impaired kidney function. It's essential for students and professionals engaging in NEET Biology and Human Physiology to grasp the significance of GFR in the context of kidney function.

NEET Biology

NEET, the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test, is a preeminent examination in India for students aspiring to enter medical fields. Within this examination, Biology is a major subject that encompasses topics from botany and zoology, including human physiology and organ systems.

For students preparing for NEET, understanding the functions of the human kidney is a critical aspect of the syllabus. The GFR value is of particular importance as it indicates the operational capacity of the kidneys. When addressing questions related to GFR in NEET, it is vital to remember the healthy range, which is typically between 90 to 120 ml/min for the average adult, corresponding to option (a) in our exercise.

NEET Biology not only tests the memorization of factual data but also assesses the application of such knowledge in solving practical problems related to human health. This includes analyzing symptoms, understanding diagnostic measures like GFR, and determining the functioning of organs, all of which are pillars of medical studies.

Human Physiology

Human Physiology is a substantial subject within the field of Biology that deals with the functions of the human body and its parts. Kidney function, particularly the role of GFR, is a fundamental topic in Human Physiology because it provides insights into how the body maintains its internal environment, a process known as homeostasis.

In Human Physiology, the analysis of GFR is not limited to knowing its average values, but extends to understanding how it can be influenced by various factors like hydration, diet, medications, and disease states. Factors that alter blood pressure, blood volume, or blood composition can ultimately impact GFR. For instance, hypertension can damage the glomeruli and decrease GFR.

Concepts such as GFR are often illustrated with problems and examples in educational resources, aiding students in visualizing the principles of physiology in practical scenarios. By analyzing these examples, like the calculation of the correct GFR value in the provided textbook exercise, students can develop a more intuitive understanding of the delicate balance the kidneys must maintain in filtering blood.