Question

What are the three basic properties of LTP? Define each of the three basic properties.

Short answer

Answer: The three basic properties of LTP are Cooperativity, Specificity, and Associativity.

Step-by-step solution

Understand LTP

Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) is a phenomenon in neuroscience where synapses (connections between neurons) are strengthened when neurons are repeatedly stimulated. LTP is considered one of the fundamental processes underlying learning and memory formation.

Identify three basic properties of LTP

The three basic properties of LTP are: 1. Cooperativity 2. Specificity 3. Associativity

Define Cooperativity property

Cooperativity in LTP refers to the fact that simultaneous activation of multiple synapses or a strong enough single synaptic input is required for the long-lasting strengthening of synaptic connections. Neurons "cooperate" to provide strong enough stimulation before LTP can be induced.

Define Specificity property

Specificity in LTP indicates that only the synapses that are repeatedly stimulated will be strengthened, while other, nearby synapses remain unaffected. Essentially, LTP is a targeted process, meaning that synaptic enhancement is specific to the activated synapses; leaving other synapses unchanged.

Define Associativity property

Associativity in LTP means that the simultaneous activation of weaker synapses along with the already strong synaptic inputs can contribute to the long-lasting synaptic strengthening - essentially illustrating the idea that weaker inputs can gain LTP if they are activated together with stronger inputs. This property creates a dynamic environment for neurons to learn new connections and associations effectively.