Question

Which of the following statements is false? a. In MS plaques perivenular infiltrates contain mainly mononuclear and lymphocytic cells, including CD8+ T-celk, CD4+ T-cells, macrophages, and B-cells. b. In the EAE model, the primary infiltrating cell is the \(\mathrm{CD} 8+\) T-cell. c. Effective MS treatments generally target T-cell responses d. In both EAE and MS, disease susceptibility is influenced by genes that control presentation of antigens to T-cells.

Short answer

a. In MS plaques perivenular infiltrates contain mainly mononuclear and lymphocytic cells, including CD8+ T-cells, CD4+ T-cells, macrophages, and B-cells. b. In the EAE model, the primary infiltrating cell is the CD8+ T-cell. c. Effective MS treatments generally target T-cell responses. d. In both EAE and MS, disease susceptibility is influenced by genes that control presentation of antigens to T-cells. Answer: b. In the EAE model, the primary infiltrating cell is the CD8+ T-cell.

Step-by-step solution

Statement A

In MS plaques perivenular infiltrates contain mainly mononuclear and lymphocytic cells, including CD8+ T-cells, CD4+ T-cells, macrophages, and B-cells. This statement is true, as it correctly describes the composition of inflammatory infiltrates found around inflamed blood vessels (perivenular infiltrates) in multiple sclerosis lesions. These immune cells contribute to the disease's pathogenesis and are involved in the damage to the central nervous system observed in MS patients.

Statement B

In the EAE model, the primary infiltrating cell is the CD8+ T-cell. This statement is false. EAE, as an animal model for studying multiple sclerosis, is predominantly driven by CD4+ T-cells, particularly Th1 and Th17 cells. These cells are responsible for inducing inflammation and, eventually, demyelination in the central nervous system. While CD8+ T-cells can also contribute to the disease process, they are not the primary infiltrating cells in the EAE model.

Statement C

Effective MS treatments generally target T-cell responses. This statement is true. Many multiple sclerosis treatments aim to reduce T-cell responses, as these cells play a significant role in the disease's inflammatory process and demyelination. By targeting T-cell responses, these treatments can help alleviate the symptoms, reduce relapses and slow down disease progression.

Statement D

In both EAE and MS, disease susceptibility is influenced by genes that control presentation of antigens to T-cells. This statement is true. Research has shown that genetic factors that influence antigen presentation to T-cells, such as HLA (human leukocyte antigen) genes, are associated with an increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis. This genetic susceptibility is also observed in the EAE model, where certain MHC (major histocompatibility complex) molecules can determine an individual's vulnerability to EAE induction. In conclusion, the false statement is: "b. In the EAE model, the primary infiltrating cell is the CD8+ T-cell."