Question

Which meal selection is suitable for the client hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome? A. Tuna sandwich, pickle spear, potato chips, and iced tea B. Ham slice, tossed salad with dressing, gelatin, and coffee C. Tomato soup, crackers, peanut butter sandwich, and milk D. Hamburger steak, baked potato, lima beans, and milk

Short answer

Answer: Option C (Tomato soup, crackers, peanut butter sandwich, and milk) is the most suitable meal option for a client hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome.

Step-by-step solution

Analyze meal options for Sodium content

Compare the meal options focused on sodium content, which should be low for clients with nephrotic syndrome. A. Tuna sandwich, pickle spear, potato chips, and iced tea - High in sodium (pickles and chips). B. Ham slice, tossed salad with dressing, gelatin, and coffee - Moderate in sodium (ham slice and dressing). C. Tomato soup, crackers, peanut butter sandwich, and milk - High in sodium (tomato soup, crackers, and peanut butter). D. Hamburger steak, baked potato, lima beans, and milk - Moderate in sodium.

Analyze meal options for Cholesterol content

Compare the meal options focused on cholesterol content; lower cholesterol is preferred for clients with nephrotic syndrome. A. Tuna sandwich, pickle spear, potato chips, and iced tea - Moderate in cholesterol (tuna and chips). B. Ham slice, tossed salad with dressing, gelatin, and coffee - High in cholesterol (ham slice). C. Tomato soup, crackers, peanut butter sandwich, and milk - Low in cholesterol. D. Hamburger steak, baked potato, lima beans, and milk - High in cholesterol (hamburger steak).

Analyze meal options for Protein content

Compare the meal options focused on protein content, moderate protein restriction is required. A. Tuna sandwich, pickle spear, potato chips, and iced tea - High in protein (tuna). B. Ham slice, tossed salad with dressing, gelatin, and coffee - Moderate in protein (ham slice). C. Tomato soup, crackers, peanut butter sandwich, and milk - Moderate in protein (peanut butter and milk). D. Hamburger steak, baked potato, lima beans, and milk - High in protein (hamburger steak and milk).

Select the most suitable meal option

Based on the analysis of sodium content, cholesterol content, and protein content in all meal options, Option C (Tomato soup, crackers, peanut butter sandwich, and milk) is the most suitable for a client hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome. Option C has the lowest cholesterol content, moderate protein content, and although it is high in sodium, it is still considered the best option among the four in overall dietary content.

Key concepts

Low Sodium Diet

Managing nephrotic syndrome with a low sodium diet is crucial because sodium can worsen fluid retention and increase blood pressure. When meal planning for someone with this condition, it's essential to keep sodium intake to a minimum. Most processed foods and convenience snacks are high in sodium.

Some tips for reducing sodium include:

• Opt for fresh fruits and vegetables, as they are naturally low in sodium.
• Use herbs and spices instead of salt to season dishes.
• Read food labels carefully to choose products with the lowest sodium content.
• Avoid canned foods unless they are labeled "no salt added."

In the exercise, while option C (Tomato soup, crackers, peanut butter sandwich, and milk) was chosen, it is important to note that tomato soup, crackers, and peanut butter are typically high in sodium. Always consult with a nutritionist to modify such meals appropriately by selecting low-sodium versions.

Cholesterol Management in Nephrotic Syndrome

Cholesterol management is vital for patients with nephrotic syndrome as this condition often leads to increased cholesterol levels in the blood. This makes choosing meals with lower cholesterol content important. Lower cholesterol can help manage some of the complications associated with nephrotic syndrome.

To manage cholesterol levels:

• Choose lean meats and plant-based protein sources.
• Incorporate foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids like flaxseeds and walnuts.
• Use cooking methods that do not add extra fats, such as grilling or steaming.

In the exercise, option C was preferred for its low cholesterol content in comparison to the other options. Peanut butter is a good choice because it provides protein without a significant amount of cholesterol when compared to animal-based proteins like ham or beef.

Protein Restriction in Kidney Disease

Moderate protein restriction is recommended for individuals with nephrotic syndrome to help reduce the workload on the kidneys and slow disease progression. Too much protein can strain the kidneys, which are already compromised by the condition.

Here are some strategies for managing protein intake:

• Select high-quality proteins like eggs and plant-based sources.
• Balance protein intake throughout the day rather than consuming it in one large meal.
• Monitor portions to ensure that protein is within the recommended dietary allowance.

In the textbook exercise, option C (Tomato soup, crackers, peanut butter sandwich, and milk) was selected partly because it offers a moderate amount of protein that aligns with nephrotic dietary guidelines, prioritizing balanced protein consumption over excessive intake.