Question

The nurse is assessing a multigravida, 36 weeks gestation for symptoms of pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia. The nurse should give priority to assessing the client for: A. Facial swelling B. Pulse deficits C. Ankle edema D. Diminished reflexes

Short answer

Answer: Facial swelling

Step-by-step solution

Understanding the terms

Before beginning the comparison of symptoms, it is essential to understand the key terms: 1. Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) - Also known as gestational hypertension, PIH is high blood pressure that develops during pregnancy and usually resolves after childbirth. 2. Preeclampsia - A more severe form of PIH, preeclampsia is characterized by high blood pressure, protein in the urine, and often swelling in the hands, face, and feet. In severe cases, preeclampsia can lead to life-threatening complications for both the mother and baby.

Analyzing the symptoms

Now, we will analyze each symptom provided in the exercise. A. Facial swelling: Facial swelling, particularly around the eyes, can be an indicator of preeclampsia. It's because of fluid retention, which is a common feature of preeclampsia. B. Pulse deficits: Pulse deficits are not typically associated with PIH or preeclampsia. They can indicate other cardiovascular issues. C. Ankle edema: Ankle edema (swelling) can be a common symptom of pregnancy, especially in the third trimester. While it can be present in PIH or preeclampsia cases, it is not exclusive to these conditions. D. Diminished reflexes: Diminished reflexes can indicate neuromuscular issues but are not directly related to PIH or preeclampsia.

Determine the priority symptom

Considering the analysis of each symptom, facial swelling (A) is the most specific and concerning symptom among the options provided related to pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia. The nurse should prioritize assessing the client for facial swelling.