Question

The LPN is reviewing the lab results of an elderly client when she notes a specific gravity of \(1.025\). The nurse recognizes that: A. The client has impaired renal function. B. The client has a normal specific gravity. C. The client has mild to moderate dehydration. D. The client has diluted urine from fluid overload.

Short answer

Answer: B - The client has a normal specific gravity.

Step-by-step solution

Understand Urine Specific Gravity

Urine specific gravity (USG) is a measure that compares the density of urine to the density of water. It helps to evaluate kidney function and assess hydration status. Normal USG values range from \(1.002\) to \(1.030\).

Interpret the given urine specific gravity value

Since the given specific gravity is \(1.025\), it is within the normal range of \(1.002\) to \(1.030\). Let's compare this value with each statement in the given options.

Evaluate each option

A. Impaired renal function: The given specific gravity value (\(1.025\)) is within the normal range, so it doesn't indicate impaired renal function. Therefore, this option is incorrect. B. Normal specific gravity: As mentioned earlier, the range of normal specific gravity is \(1.002\) to \(1.030\). The given value (\(1.025\)) falls within this range, so this option is correct. C. Mild to moderate dehydration: Dehydration often results in high specific gravity values (above \(1.030\)) as the urine becomes more concentrated. Since the given specific gravity is within the normal range, this option is incorrect. D. Diluted urine from fluid overload: In the case of fluid overload, urine specific gravity values will be lower than the normal range (below \(1.002\)) due to dilution. Since the given specific gravity is within the normal range, this option is also incorrect.

Conclusion

Based on the provided specific gravity value of \(1.025\), the correct answer is option B - The client has a normal specific gravity.