Question

A client receiving hemodialysis has an order for a diet containing proteins with high biologic value. An example of a protein source with high biologic value is: A. Gelatin B. Nuts C. Eggs D. Legumes

Short answer

Answer: C. Eggs

Step-by-step solution

Define high biologic value

A protein with high biologic value contains all the essential amino acids in the right proportions required by the human body for good health. Essential amino acids are those that the body cannot synthesize and therefore must be obtained from the diet.

Analyze the options provided

Now that we know what high biologic value means, let's evaluate each option to determine the best answer. (A) Gelatin: It is an incomplete protein source, meaning that it does not contain all the essential amino acids. Thus, it is not a good example of a protein with high biologic value. (B) Nuts: Although they contain protein, they are also considered an incomplete protein source, lacking some essential amino acids. Therefore, nuts are not the best example of a protein with high biologic value. (C) Eggs: They contain all the essential amino acids in the right proportions, making them a complete protein source with high biologic value. (D) Legumes: While they are a good source of protein, they are also an incomplete protein source, lacking some essential amino acids. Therefore, legumes are not the best example of a protein with high biologic value.

Choose the answer

Based on the analysis of each option, we can conclude that the best protein source with high biologic value for a client receiving hemodialysis is: C. Eggs

Key concepts

Essential Amino Acids

Essential amino acids are the building blocks of proteins that our bodies need but cannot produce on their own. There are nine essential amino acids: histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine. These need to be obtained through the diet, as they play critical roles in processes like protein synthesis, tissue repair, and nutrient absorption.

For individuals, particularly those on a hemodialysis diet, it becomes crucial to consume adequate amounts of these amino acids. Hemodialysis can increase the body's demand for proteins and essential amino acids because of the loss that occurs during the dialysis process. Insufficient intake can lead to muscle wasting and other health issues. Therefore, monitoring and choosing the right protein sources—those with complete essential amino acid profiles—is vital for maintaining overall health.

Hemodialysis Diet

A hemodialysis diet is designed for patients with kidney disease who undergo hemodialysis, a process that helps to filter waste products from the blood when the kidneys are no longer fully functional. This specialized diet is aimed at preventing the buildup of fluids and waste, and to balance electrolytes like potassium and sodium, which could become potentially dangerous.

The role of protein on this diet is nuanced; patients are encouraged to consume high biologic value proteins to aid tissue repair and maintain good nutrition without overly taxing the kidneys. Thus, food selection becomes imperative to manage health without contributing to further kidney damage. It is advised that patients work with dietitians or nutritionists to develop a tailored eating plan that addresses their specific needs, which can also evolve over time as their treatment or kidney function changes.

Complete Protein Sources

Complete protein sources are foods that contain all nine essential amino acids in sufficient amounts that the human body requires. These are typically animal-based foods such as meat, fish, poultry, eggs, and dairy products. Plant-based options are also available but are rare; examples include quinoa and soy products. Eggs, often mentioned as the 'perfect protein', have all the essential amino acids in the right ratios, making them an excellent choice for anyone needing high-quality protein, including people on a hemodialysis diet.

Understanding complete protein sources is beneficial for ensuring adequate protein intake, especially for vegetarians or those with dietary restrictions. Combining different plant-based proteins, such as rice with beans, can also create a complete amino acid profile, which can be an essential strategy for those who don't consume animal products.