Question

A toddler has been admitted with suspected Kawasaki's disease. A serious complication associated with Kawasaki's disease is: A. Periungual desquamation B. Bilateral conjunctival injection C. Coronary aneurysm D. Strawberry tongue

Short answer

Answer: Coronary aneurysm.

Step-by-step solution

Option A: Periungual desquamation

Periungual desquamation refers to the peeling of the skin around the nails, which can be a sign of Kawasaki's disease. However, this symptom is not considered a serious complication, so this option is not correct.

Option B: Bilateral conjunctival injection

Bilateral conjunctival injection refers to the redness in both eyes (conjunctiva) due to inflammation, often found in Kawasaki's disease. However, this symptom is also not considered a serious complication. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

Option C: Coronary aneurysm

Coronary aneurysm is a dilatation of a segment of a blood vessel, especially in the coronary arteries, which can be a serious and potentially life-threatening complication of Kawasaki's disease. This complication may lead to heart attacks, heart failure, or other heart problems in the long-term if left untreated. This answer is the most appropriate as it highlights a serious complication associated with Kawasaki's disease.

Option D: Strawberry tongue

Strawberry tongue refers to a red, bumpy tongue often found in patients with Kawasaki's disease. While this symptom can be uncomfortable and a sign of the disease, it is not considered a serious complication. So, this option is not correct. Considering the analysis for each option, the correct answer is: C. Coronary aneurysm

Key concepts

Toddler Health

Ensuring the health of toddlers is crucial as they are in a critical stage of growth and development. At this age, toddlers are reaching new milestones as they explore the world around them. Monitoring their health includes ensuring they receive proper nutrition, adequate sleep, and regular check-ups with a pediatrician. Vaccinations are an important part of toddler healthcare as they help prevent serious diseases. Parents should be mindful of the warning signs of illnesses, such as fever, irritability, or changes in eating habits. Early detection and treatment of diseases can prevent potential complications and ensure that toddlers grow up healthy and strong.

Pediatric Complications

Pediatric complications can arise from various illnesses affecting children, including Kawasaki's disease. One common challenge is the difficulty in diagnosing certain conditions, as children may not always exhibit clear symptoms. Timely diagnosis and intervention can prevent serious complications. For instance, Kawasaki's disease, if untreated, can lead to severe complications like a coronary aneurysm. The healthcare team must constantly communicate with parents, providing guidance on recognizing symptoms and ensuring treatment compliance. Pediatricians also play a crucial role in educating families about the importance of follow-ups and preventive care to minimize risks.

Coronary Aneurysm

A coronary aneurysm is a serious complication that can develop from Kawasaki's disease. It involves the dilation of a section of the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle. These dilations, if left untreated, can lead to rupture or blood clots, potentially causing heart attacks or other cardiac issues. Early detection is key, and regular monitoring through echocardiograms or other imaging tests can assess the condition. Treatment often involves medications that help dissolve clots or manage aneurysm growth, and in some cases, surgery may be necessary. The goal is to stabilize the aneurysm and prevent further complications, ensuring the patient's overall cardiovascular health.

NCLEX-PN Exam Preparation

Preparing for the NCLEX-PN exam involves understanding a wide range of health issues, including complications seen in pediatric care. As the exam evaluates knowledge in practical nursing, candidates should be familiar with conditions like Kawasaki's disease and its associated complications such as coronary aneurysms. A successful preparation strategy includes reviewing nursing textbooks, practicing with exam-style questions, and understanding the rationale behind correct answers. Practical experience in clinical settings can also enhance learning. Candidates are encouraged to study consistently over time rather than cramming sessions, ensuring a thorough understanding of key concepts necessary for working in pediatric health and beyond.