Question

The client is seen in the clinic with complaint of fatigue, dry skin, and extreme thirst. Which test would best indicate the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus? A. Two-hour postprandial B. Dextrostix C. Glycosylated hemoglobin D. Glucose tolerance test

Short answer

Answer: D. Glucose tolerance test.

Step-by-step solution

Analyze the Symptoms of the Client

The client presents with fatigue, dry skin, and extreme thirst, which are symptoms that could be indicative of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels resulting from defects in insulin secretion or action.

Understand the Different Test Options

There are four test options provided to diagnose diabetes mellitus: A. Two-hour postprandial test: This test measures blood glucose levels 2 hours after a meal. It helps to determine how well the body is processing glucose. B. Dextrostix: This is a rapid glucose screening test that uses a small drop of blood from a fingerstick for immediate results. It is mainly used to monitor blood glucose levels in people with diabetes, rather than for diagnosis. C. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) test: This test measures the average percentage of glycated hemoglobin in the blood over a period of 2-3 months. It reflects the average blood glucose levels over an extended duration and is used for the diagnosis and management of diabetes. D. Glucose tolerance test (GTT): This test measures how well the body processes glucose by monitoring blood glucose levels after fasting and then after consuming a high-glucose drink. It is commonly used for diagnosing diabetes.

Identify the Most Suitable Test for Diagnosing Diabetes Mellitus

Based on the analysis of the four test options, the most appropriate test to indicate the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is the Glucose tolerance test (GTT). This test is widely used for diagnosing diabetes and provides a comprehensive assessment of the body's ability to process glucose, taking into account factors such as fasting glucose levels and glucose processing after consumption of a glucose-rich drink. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Glucose tolerance test.