Question

The client is admitted with a \(\mathrm{pH}\) of \(7.48\), a \(\mathrm{HCO}_3\) level of \(34 \mathrm{mEq} / \mathrm{L}\), and a \(\mathrm{CO}_2\) level of \(48 \mathrm{mEq} / \mathrm{L}\). The nurse is aware that these laboratory values reveal: A. Metabolic acidosis B. Metabolic alkalosis C. Respiratory alkalosis D. Respiratory acidosis

Short answer

A. Respiratory acidosis B. Metabolic alkalosis C. Metabolic acidosis D. Respiratory alkalosis

Step-by-step solution

Determine if pH is high or low

The given pH value is 7.48, which is higher than the normal range (7.35-7.45). A high pH indicates alkalosis.

Analyze the HCO3 level

The given HCO3 level is 34 mEq/L, which is higher than the normal range (22-26 mEq/L). A high HCO3 indicates a metabolic factor contributing to alkalosis.

Analyze the CO2 level

The given CO2 level is 48 mmHg, which is higher than the normal range (35-45 mmHg). A high CO2 level indicates a respiratory factor contributing to acidosis.

Identify the primary imbalance

Since pH and HCO3 are both high (alkalosis), and CO2 is high (acidosis), we have a mixed condition. However, since the pH reflects a more alkalotic state, we will consider the primary imbalance to be metabolic alkalosis.

Conclusion

Based on the given laboratory values, the correct answer is: B. Metabolic alkalosis.