Question

The client with AIDS develops Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Which action by the nurse indicates understanding of Kaposi's sarcoma? A. The nurse carries out percussion, vibration, and drainage every morning prior to breakfast. B. The nurse provides mouth care after meals. C. The nurse provides skin care and places the client on a floatation mattress. D. The nurse does catheter care with the bath.

Short answer

Answer: Providing skin care and placing the client on a flotation mattress.

Step-by-step solution

Read the given question and highlight or underline the keywords such as Kaposi's sarcoma, action by the nurse, and 'indicates understanding of Kaposi's sarcoma.' #Step 2: Understand Kaposi's sarcoma and its nursing care requirements#

Kaposi's sarcoma is a rare type of cancer that forms in the skin, mucous membranes, lymph nodes, and other organs. It is more common in people with weakened immune systems, such as those with AIDS. As a result, the patient would require specialized care focused on skin and mucous membrane protection. #Step 3: Analyze each answer option in relation to Kaposi's sarcoma and nursing care requirements#

Analyze each answer option and determine its relevancy to Kaposi's sarcoma and the appropriate nursing care for a client with this condition. (A) Percussion, vibration, and drainage are techniques primarily used for respiratory issues and would not be the primary focus for Kaposi's sarcoma. Although some KS lesions can affect the lungs, this option does not directly address the skin care necessary for Kaposi's sarcoma. (B) Providing mouth care after meals is generally important for all patients, but it doesn't specifically address Kaposi's sarcoma or its unique care requirements. (C) Providing skin care and placing the client on a flotation mattress directly addresses the need for skin protection and comfort, which would be crucial for a client with Kaposi's sarcoma. This answer option is specifically tailored towards the client's condition. (D) Catheter care is important for clients with urinary catheters, but it does not indicate an understanding of Kaposi's sarcoma or its specific care requirements. #Step 4: Choose the correct answer based on the analysis#

Based on the analysis of each answer option, choose the one that best indicates an understanding of Kaposi's sarcoma and its nursing care requirements. In this case, the correct answer is C. The nurse provides skin care and places the client on a flotation mattress.

Key concepts

AIDS Complications

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a chronic and potentially life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It weakens the immune system, making the body more susceptible to a range of complications, including opportunistic infections and cancers. One such cancer is Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), which is considered an AIDS-defining condition. KS is characterized by the growth of abnormal tissue beneath the skin or mucous membranes, presenting as patches or nodules, often colored red or purple.
Kaposi's sarcoma can spread to different parts of the body, including the lungs and gastrointestinal tract, affecting the body's function and a patient's quality of life. As HIV/AIDS progresses, other complications may include neurological issues, weight loss, and systemic symptoms. Oncology nursing for these patients often involves a multidisciplinary approach, addressing both the cancer and the underlying immune compromise.

Oncology Nursing

Oncology nursing is a specialized field that focuses on the care of individuals with cancer. Nurses engaged in oncology care must possess a thorough understanding of cancer treatments, side effects, symptom management, and the psychological impact of a cancer diagnosis. They play a central role in the administration of therapy, the management of symptoms, and the provision of emotional support to patients and their families.
When caring for a patient with Kaposi's sarcoma, oncology nurses will tailor their care plans to manage the unique aspects of KS, such as skin lesions and potential involvement of other organs. This includes diligent skin care to prevent lesions from becoming infected or ulcerated and ensuring that patients are as comfortable as possible while minimizing discomfort caused by KS lesions.

Patient Comfort Measures

Ensuring patient comfort is a fundamental aspect of nursing care, particularly in palliative and oncology settings. Comfort measures for patients with Kaposi's sarcoma include pain management, skincare, and support for mobility and daily living activities.

• Managing pain and discomfort from lesions or from procedures is essential.
• Gentle handling of affected skin to avoid further injury.
• Use of pressure-relieving devices such as a flotation mattress to minimize pressure on the lesions and prevent skin breakdown.
• Providing psychological support and reassurances to alleviate anxiety and fear associated with the condition.

These patient-centric interventions are vital not only in enhancing quality of life but also in promoting healing and potentially improving clinical outcomes.