Question

Which does the nurse recognize as the most accurate in diagnosing sickle cell anemia? A. Sickledex B. Hemoglobin electrophoresis C. Partial thromboplastin time D. Complete blood count

Short answer

Answer: B. Hemoglobin electrophoresis

Step-by-step solution

Understand sickle cell anemia

Sickle cell anemia is an inherited blood disorder where red blood cells are crescent (sickle) shaped instead of their usual round shape. This can cause blockages within blood vessels and lead to severe pain, infections, and organ damage.

Analyze the given options

A. Sickledex: A Sickledex test is used to screen for the presence of sickle hemoglobin (HbS), which causes sickle cell anemia. However, this test cannot differentiate between sickle cell anemia and other conditions involving HbS, such as a sickle cell trait or other forms of sickle cell disease. B. Hemoglobin electrophoresis: Hemoglobin electrophoresis is a test that separates different types of hemoglobin found in a blood sample. This test can identify HbS and determine whether someone has sickle cell anemia, sickle cell trait, or another form of sickle cell disease. C. Partial thromboplastin time: Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) measures how long it takes for a blood clot to form. This test is not specific to sickle cell anemia. D. Complete blood count: A complete blood count (CBC) measures various components of the blood, including the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. This test may show abnormalities in patients with sickle cell anemia, but it is not specific to the condition.

Choose the most accurate diagnostic test.

The most accurate diagnostic test for sickle cell anemia among the given options is B. Hemoglobin electrophoresis. It is because this test can specifically identify HbS and differentiate between sickle cell anemia, sickle cell trait, and other sickle cell diseases.