Problem 1
Fill in the following blanks. a. \(1 \mu \mathrm{m}=\ldots \mathrm{m}\) c. \(1 \mu \mathrm{m}=\) \(\mathrm{nm}\)
Problem 2
Which type of microscope would be best to use to observe each of the following? a. a stained bacterial smear b. unstained bacterial cells: the cells are small, and no detail is needed c. unstained live tissue when it is desirable to see some intracellular detail d. a sample that emits light when illuminated with ultraviolet light e. intracellular detail of a cell that is \(1 \mu \mathrm{m}\) long f. unstained live cells in which intracellular structures are shown in color
Problem 6
Why is a mordant used in the Gram stain? In the flagella stain?
Problem 7
What is the purpose of a counterstain in the acid-fast stain?
Problem 8
What is the purpose of a decolorizer in the Gram stain? In the acidfast stain?
Problem 10
A sputum sample from Calle, a 30-year-old Asian elephant, was smeared onto a slide and air dried. The smear was fixed, covered with carbolfuchsin, and heated for 5 minutes. After washing with water, acid-alcohol was placed on the smear for 30 seconds. Finally, the smear was stained with methylene blue for 30 seconds, washed with water, and dried. On examination at \(1000 \times\), the zoo veterinarian saw red rods on the slide. What microbe do these results suggest?
