Question

Which health model does a person subscribe to when his or her motivation to engage in healthy behaviors is the desire to avoid illness? a. Clinical b. Adaptive c. Role performance d. Eudaemonistic

Short answer

a. Clinical

Step-by-step solution

- Understand the Question

Determine the key point of the question. The focus is on what motivates a person to engage in healthy behaviors, specifically the desire to avoid illness.

- Analyze Each Option

Review each model to determine its core principles:- Clinical model: health is the absence of illness, so it emphasizes avoiding illness.- Adaptive model: focuses on the ability to adapt positively to social, mental, and physiological change.- Role performance model: health is the ability to perform social roles.- Eudaemonistic model: health is seen as exuberant well-being and self-actualization.

- Match Motivation with Health Model

Since the motivation is specifically to avoid illness, the model should align with this concept. The clinical model's primary focus is on the absence of disease, aligning directly with avoiding illness.

- Select the Correct Answer

Based on the analysis, the correct answer is the Clinical model (option a).

Key concepts

Clinical Model

In the Clinical Model, health is fundamentally understood as the absence of disease or illness. This model emphasizes medical interventions and preventive measures aimed at avoiding sickness. People who follow this model are primarily motivated by the desire to stay free from illnesses.
They are likely to engage in behaviors such as

• regular medical check-ups
• vaccinations
• adherence to doctor-prescribed treatments
• avoiding risky behaviors that could lead to illness

The core idea is that health is a state of being without disease, and maintaining this state is essential. This model is largely reactive, focusing on responding to illness rather than preventing or supporting overall well-being.

Adaptive Model

The Adaptive Model highlights the importance of a person's ability to adapt positively to social, mental, and physiological changes. It views health as a dynamic process of coping and adjusting; thus, a person is healthy if they can adapt and thrive amid life's various challenges.
People motivated by the Adaptive Model strive to build resilience and adaptability. They often engage in behaviors such as

• stress management techniques like meditation or exercise
• seeking social support during challenging times
• cultivating problem-solving skills
• maintaining a balanced lifestyle to respond to changes effectively

This model is all about flexibility and the capacity to handle change well, ensuring that a person remains functional and positive regardless of life's circumstances.

Role Performance Model

The Role Performance Model defines health as the ability to fulfill societal roles effectively. According to this model, a person is considered healthy if they can effectively perform activities and roles expected of them by society, family, and work.
People who adhere to this model view health as directly tied to their productivity and social responsibilities.
They might focus on:

• maintaining physical fitness to meet job demands
• ensuring mental well-being to interact socially and professionally
• seeking medical help to avoid absenteeism
• engaging in continuous learning and skill development to stay employable

The role performance model links health directly to one's capability to meet social expectations and responsibilities, placing high value on fulfilling expected roles.

Eudaemonistic Model

The Eudaemonistic Model sees health not just as the absence of illness, but as exuberant well-being and self-actualization.
This model is holistic and considers a person's overall quality of life, including emotional, social, and spiritual well-being.
Those inspired by the Eudaemonistic Model aim for optimal health by:

• engaging in activities that bring joy and fulfillment
• practicing mindfulness and self-reflection
• connecting deeply with personal values and purpose
• pursuing personal growth and self-development
• fostering rich and supportive relationships

The focus here is on living a life that is full, meaningful, and vibrant. Rather than merely avoiding illness, this model encourages actions that lead to flourishing and reaching one's highest potential.