Question

A client is being treated for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD). When the nurse administers famotidine (Pepcid) to the client, the client asks how this medication will help. The nurse’s reply will be based on the knowledge that the medication will: A. Decrease gastric acidity reducing irritation to the esophagus.B. Relax the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) preventing further reflux. C. Increase intraabdominal pressure to maintain positive pressure in the esophagus. D. Decrease the intra-gastric pressure putting les

Short answer

A. Decrease gastric acidity reducing irritation to the esophagus.

Step-by-step solution

Understanding GERD and Famotidine

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the tube connecting your mouth and stomach (esophagus). Famotidine is a type of histamine-2 blockers that decrease the amount of acid created by the stomach.

Evaluating the Options

Each option should be assessed based on the known mechanism of action of famotidine. Famotidine works by reducing the production of stomach acid, not by affecting abdominal pressure or the lower esophageal sphincter directly.

Choosing the Correct Answer

Considering the mechanism of action for famotidine, the correct answer is the one that aligns with its acid-reducing capabilities.

Key concepts

GERD Nursing Management

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic digestive disorder that can significantly impact a patient's quality of life.
Nursing management for GERD involves a holistic approach, focusing on lifestyle modifications and symptom relief; this includes elevating the head of the bed to prevent nocturnal symptoms and advising patients to avoid foods and behaviors that trigger reflux, such as spicy foods, caffeine, alcohol, and smoking. Nurses educate patients on the importance of meal timing, encouraging smaller, more frequent meals rather than large meals that can increase gastric pressure and exacerbate symptoms.

In addition to these non-pharmacological interventions, nurses must be adept in administering medications like famotidine, which assists in managing symptoms by reducing gastric acid production. Effective communication and patient education about how these medications work and potential side effects are essential for optimizing GERD management and improving patient outcomes.

Pharmacology for Nursing

Pharmacology is a fundamental aspect of nursing care, as nurses must understand the mechanisms of action, indications, contraindications, and potential side effects of medications to provide safe and effective patient care.

When it comes to GERD, for instance, nurses need to be aware of the different classes of medications used to treat the condition, including antacids, histamine-2 blockers like famotidine, and proton pump inhibitors. Understanding how these medications alleviate symptoms helps nurses educate patients and monitor for therapeutic effectiveness and adverse reactions.

Nurses should also be knowledgeable about medication interactions and the importance of timing—such as the use of famotidine at bedtime for nocturnal GERD symptoms or before meals to prevent discomfort. Staying updated on the latest pharmacological advancements ensures high-quality patient education and care.

Famotidine Medication Knowledge

Understanding Famotidine

Famotidine, commonly known by the brand name Pepcid, is a histamine-2 blocker used to treat symptoms of GERD by decreasing gastric acidity.

It's essential for nurses to understand that famotidine does not directly affect the lower esophageal sphincter or modify abdominal pressure, but rather it reduces stomach acid production by blocking histamine receptors in the stomach lining. This reduced acidity helps to alleviate irritation to the esophageal lining.

Administration and Patient Education

Nurses administering famotidine should provide comprehensive patient education, explaining that this medication can relieve symptoms like heartburn and assist in the healing of the esophagus. It's important to discuss the proper timing of medication intake, potential interactions with other drugs, and what side effects to watch for, which can range from minor concerns like headaches to more serious issues such as an irregular heartbeat. By ensuring that patients have thorough knowledge of their medications, nurses play a pivotal role in managing GERD effectively.