Question

A child is found to be allergic to milk. To ensure adequate calcium intake, which foods would the nurse recommend be included in the child's diet? A. Coffee and tea B. Pork and ground beef C. Fruits such as apples and pears D. Green leafy vegetables such as collard greens and spinach

Short answer

Recommend including green leafy vegetables such as collard greens and spinach in the child's diet for adequate calcium intake.

Step-by-step solution

Understand the Nutritional Need

Identify the specific nutrient the child needs to maintain a healthy diet, which in this case is calcium. Since milk is a common source of calcium and the child is allergic to milk, alternative sources must be found.

Evaluate the Options

Review each answer choice provided to determine if it contains significant amounts of calcium. Calcium is commonly found in dairy products; however, non-dairy options such as certain vegetables, nuts, and fortified foods also contain this essential mineral.

Identify High-Calcium Non-Dairy Foods

Determine which of the options listed contains foods that are high in calcium. Green leafy vegetables, such as collard greens and spinach, are known to be good non-dairy sources of calcium.

Key concepts

Non-Dairy Sources of Calcium

Ensuring adequate calcium intake in individuals with dairy allergies can be a challenge, yet it is crucial for developing strong bones and teeth, especially in children whose bodies are growing rapidly. When dairy is off the menu, there are still plenty of calcium-rich options to consider.

For children with milk allergies, foods fortified with calcium are an excellent alternative. These might include plant-based milks such as almond, soy, or rice milk, which often come fortified with amounts of calcium similar to that found in cow's milk. In addition, breakfast cereals and orange juice with added calcium can contribute to daily intake without the need for dairy.

Furthermore, certain seeds and nuts are valuable sources of calcium. Chia seeds, poppy seeds, almonds and sesame seeds are notable examples, and they can easily be incorporated into a child's diet through yogurts, smoothies, and as toppings on salads and cereals.

Other options include tofu and tempeh, particularly when prepared with calcium sulfate; and various legumes such as beans, lentils and chickpeas. Eating a variety of these foods can help a child allergic to milk meet their calcium requirements and support their overall growth and health.

Nutrition in Pediatric Allergies

Managing nutrition in children with allergies necessitates close attention to both the avoidance of allergens and the fulfillment of nutritional needs. It's essential that the diet remains balanced and provides all the necessary macro- and micronutrients.

A child's diet must be carefully monitored to identify alternative sources for nutrients typically found in allergenic foods. To replace dairy, besides the calcium sources previously mentioned, attention should be paid to ensure adequate intake of vitamin D, protein, and fats, which milk would otherwise provide. Vitamin D can be obtained from fatty fish, like salmon, and exposure to sunlight, while various plant-based proteins can replace milk protein.

Caregivers and healthcare providers can work together to devise meal plans that are not only safe but also appealing to the child, often through a variety of colorful fruits and vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains, ensuring a diet rich in fiber, vitamins, and minerals. This holistic approach to managing allergies aids in not only meeting the child's developmental needs but also in fostering a healthy relationship with food.

Green Leafy Vegetables Nutrition

Green leafy vegetables are a nutritional powerhouse, particularly when it comes to providing a non-dairy source of calcium. Foods such as collard greens, spinach, kale, and bok choy are high in this essential mineral, making them an excellent addition to the diet of a child with milk allergies.

Beyond calcium, these greens are also rich in other vital nutrients. They are an excellent source of fiber, which supports digestive health, and they contain generous amounts of vitamin K, which plays a crucial role in blood clotting and bone health. Moreover, they are low in calories and carbohydrates, making them suitable for a wide range of dietary needs.

In addition to their impressive vitamin and mineral content, leafy greens provide antioxidants that protect the body's cells from damage. Including a variety of green vegetables in a child's diet not only helps meet their calcium needs but also contributes to their overall well-being, supporting their immune system and reducing the risk of chronic diseases later in life.