Question

Which assessment finding is characteristic of advanced ovarian cancer? a. Ascites b. Purpura c. Splenomegaly d. Hypoactive DTRs

Short answer

Ascites

Step-by-step solution

Understand the Question

The question asks for a characteristic finding of advanced ovarian cancer. Understand what each option means to determine the correct one.

Define Each Term

a. **Ascites** - Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, causing abdominal swelling.b. **Purpura** - Small blood vessels burst, causing blood to pool under the skin; it appears as purple spots.c. **Splenomegaly** - Enlargement of the spleen.d. **Hypoactive DTRs** - Reduced deep tendon reflexes, indicating a decrease in the response from the reflex arc.

Link Symptoms to Ovarian Cancer

Consider which of these findings are commonly associated specifically with advanced ovarian cancer. Extensive research and clinical data indicate that **ascites** is a common characteristic, due to the spread of the cancer causing fluid build-up.

Eliminate Incorrect Options

b. **Purpura**, c. **Splenomegaly**, and d. **Hypoactive DTRs** are not typically associated with ovarian cancer. Though they may occur with other conditions, they are not characteristic findings of advanced ovarian cancer.

Conclude the Characteristic Finding

The characteristic finding of advanced ovarian cancer is **ascites**. This is because it directly results from the metastatic spread to the peritoneal lining, causing fluid accumulation.

Key concepts

ascites

Ascites is a medical condition characterized by the build-up of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, located in the abdomen. This accumulation of fluid creates abdominal swelling and discomfort for the patient.
In the context of advanced ovarian cancer, ascites is quite common. The peritoneal cavity may accumulate fluid due to cancer spreading to the lining of the abdomen. This is a result of the tumors producing substances that cause fluid leakage.
Patients with ascites typically experience the following symptoms:

• Abdominal swelling and discomfort
• Increased abdominal girth
• Difficulty breathing
• Decreased appetite

Managing ascites may involve treatments such as draining the fluid, using medications to reduce fluid retention, and addressing the underlying cause, which, in this case, is ovarian cancer.

ovarian cancer symptoms

Ovarian cancer symptoms often go unnoticed in the early stages because they can be vague and non-specific. By the time it reaches an advanced stage, several more defining symptoms usually become apparent.
Some common symptoms of advanced ovarian cancer include:

• Persistent bloating or swelling of the abdomen
• Pelvic or abdominal pain
• Difficulty eating or feeling full quickly
• Frequent urination

Other symptoms that might occur include unexplained weight loss, fatigue, and back pain. It's crucial to understand that these symptoms may also be caused by other, less severe conditions.
Advanced ovarian cancer can lead to complications like ascites, pleural effusion (fluid around the lungs), and bowel obstruction. Early detection and treatment significantly influence the prognosis and management outcomes for those affected.

oncology

Oncology is the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. It involves various specialties that address different aspects of cancer care.
An oncologist, a doctor specialized in oncology, plays a pivotal role in managing patients with cancer. There are several types of oncologists, including:

• Medical Oncologists: Focus on treating cancer with chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and other medications.
• Radiation Oncologists: Use radiation therapy to treat cancer.
• Surgical Oncologists: Perform surgeries to remove tumors and cancerous tissues.

Oncologists work closely with other healthcare professionals to create comprehensive treatment plans. These plans often include a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and supportive care. Multidisciplinary teams aim to provide the best outcomes for patients by addressing various facets of the disease.
Advances in oncology have led to improved survival rates and quality of life for many cancer patients. Research continues to be a vital component of oncology, driving innovations in treatment and care strategies.