Question

When caring for a client taking phenytoin (Dilantin), the nurse assesses the client's mouth for which side effect of the drug? a. Gum hyperplasia b. Thrush c Dental caries d. Glossitis

Short answer

a. Gum hyperplasia

Step-by-step solution

- Understanding Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Phenytoin (Dilantin) is a medication commonly used to manage and treat seizures. However, like most drugs, it has side effects that need to be monitored.

- Recognize Common Side Effects

Phenytoin has a variety of side effects. It is crucial to understand which ones are relevant to the oral cavity.

- Assess Oral Side Effects

Identify and understand the oral side effects of phenytoin. Among the options given (gum hyperplasia, thrush, dental caries, and glossitis), the noteworthy oral side effect is gum hyperplasia.

- Validate the Answer

Cross-reference with medical literature or clinical guidelines. The distinctive oral side effect of phenytoin is indeed gingival hyperplasia or gum hyperplasia.

Key concepts

seizure medication side effects

When taking medications to manage seizures, such as phenytoin (Dilantin), it's important to be aware of potential side effects. This helps in early identification and management. Phenytoin is an effective antiseizure medication, but it can affect various parts of the body, including the oral cavity.
One notable side effect is gingival hyperplasia, which is the overgrowth of gum tissue. This condition can cause discomfort and make oral hygiene more challenging. Other side effects of phenytoin might include dizziness, fatigue, nausea, and in some cases, skin reactions. Monitoring these side effects is crucial to maintain the overall health of the patient.
By recognizing these side effects early, healthcare providers can adjust treatment plans to better meet the patient's needs and improve their quality of life.

oral health in pharmacology

Oral health is a significant aspect to consider when managing patients on long-term medications like phenytoin. Medication-induced gingival hyperplasia can lead to complications if not properly managed. This condition manifests as swollen, enlarged gums which can bleed easily.
Proper oral hygiene is essential to mitigate this side effect. Regular brushing, flossing, and professional dental cleaning are crucial. Dentists may also recommend more frequent cleanings or specialized oral care products.
Additionally, patients should be informed about the importance of oral health and be encouraged to maintain good habits. Awareness and education can significantly reduce the risk of severe gum issues and contribute to overall well-being.

nursing care for seizure patients

Caring for seizure patients requires vigilance and a thorough understanding of their medications. Nurses play a critical role in monitoring the side effects of antiseizure drugs like phenytoin. This includes regular assessments of the patient's oral cavity to identify signs of gingival hyperplasia early on.
Education is a key part of nursing care. Nurses should educate patients about the importance of maintaining oral hygiene and attending regular dental check-ups. Providing clear instructions on how to care for their gums can empower patients and improve their compliance with oral health routines.
Furthermore, coordinating with dental professionals ensures that patients receive comprehensive care. By working together, nurses and dentists can better manage the side effects of seizure medications and enhance patient outcomes.