Question

A nurse in an Emergency Department (ED) is caring for a client who has been drinking alcohol everyday for the past 10 days. The client is drowsy, has slurred speech, and lacks coordination. As the client experiences alcohol withdrawal, which potential side effect concerns the nurse most? a. Anxiety b. Hypoglycemia c. Esophagitis d. Delirium tremens

Short answer

d. Delirium tremens

Step-by-step solution

Analyze the Symptoms

The client is drowsy, has slurred speech, and lacks coordination. These symptoms are typical of someone affected by alcohol.

Understand Alcohol Withdrawal

Alcohol withdrawal can bring various symptoms that can vary in severity. Common symptoms include anxiety, tremors, and in severe cases, delirium tremens.

Review Potential Side Effects

Consider the potential side effects listed: a. Anxiety, b. Hypoglycemia, c. Esophagitis, d. Delirium tremens. Anxiety is common, hypoglycemia can occur but is not the most critical, esophagitis is related to long-term alcohol use but not typically withdrawal, and delirium tremens (DTs) is a severe and life-threatening condition.

Identify the Most Concerning Side Effect

Delirium tremens is the most concerning side effect during alcohol withdrawal because it can be life-threatening without proper treatment.

Conclusion

Given the severe nature of delirium tremens, it concerns the nurse the most among the options provided.

Key concepts

delirium tremens

Delirium tremens (DTs) is a severe form of alcohol withdrawal that requires immediate medical attention. Symptoms of DTs include severe confusion, rapid heartbeat, high blood pressure, fever, and hallucinations. These symptoms can start 48 to 72 hours after the last drink and are more common in people who drink heavily for a long time. DTs are life-threatening and can lead to death if not treated promptly. Thus, recognizing and managing DTs in a clinical setting is crucial for patient safety.

emergency nursing care

Emergency nursing care for alcohol withdrawal involves several critical steps. First, nurses must assess the patient's symptoms and vital signs thoroughly. This includes monitoring heart rate, blood pressure, temperature, and respiratory rate. Immediate interventions may include administering medications like benzodiazepines to prevent or reduce withdrawal symptoms. Fluid and electrolyte balance should also be maintained to prevent dehydration and other complications. Creating a safe and calm environment can help reduce anxiety and stress in the patient.

alcohol withdrawal management

Managing alcohol withdrawal effectively is key in preventing complications such as delirium tremens. The process often includes a range of medical treatments and supportive care:

• Medications: Benzodiazepines are commonly used to manage withdrawal symptoms and prevent seizures.
• Supportive Care: Nutritional support, hydration, and electrolyte balance are essential aspects.
• Monitoring: Continuous monitoring of vital signs and symptoms helps in early detection of complications.
• Education: Informing the patient about the risks of alcohol use and the importance of continued care and support.

Effective management plans tailored to individual needs can significantly improve outcomes.

NCLEX-RN review

The NCLEX-RN exam includes questions on alcohol withdrawal management and emergency care. Understanding these concepts is crucial for exam success. Key points to remember:
1. Recognize common symptoms of alcohol withdrawal like tremors, anxiety, and sweating.
2. Identify severe complications such as delirium tremens and their symptoms.
3. Know the medications used to manage withdrawal and monitor their effects.
4. Understand the importance of continuous assessment and supportive care.
5. Be prepared for scenarios requiring immediate intervention to prevent life-threatening complications. Reviewing these topics thoroughly can help candidates feel confident in their knowledge and preparedness for the NCLEX-RN exam.