Question

Define microbiome.

Short answer

The microbiome refers to the community of all the microbial organisms that live in particular environment like our body. It's predominantly composed of diverse bacteria, but also includes other microorganism species, and plays integral roles in vital processes such as digestion and immune responses.

Step-by-step solution

Define the microbiome term

The microbiome refers to the community of all the microbial organisms that live in particular environment such as our body. These microbes include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microscopic living things.

Describe constituents of the microbiome

The microbiome is largely made up of two types of bacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. However, it also includes fungi, protozoa, archaea, and viruses. Importantly, it's crucial to remember that these organisms don’t simply reside in the body, they interact with it.

Explain the significance of the microbiome to host organisms

Microbiomes are particularly important for the host's health. They are involved in many fundamental life processes, including aiding digestion and shaping our immune system. Some studies have even linked the microbiome to behavior and mental health.