Question

Why is control of gene expression necessary?

Short answer

Control of gene expression is necessary to maintain an organism's homeostasis, ensuring that right genes are activated at right times and in the right cells. This prevents adverse consequences like inappropriate cell growth and division which can lead to diseases like cancer.

Step-by-step solution

Define Gene Expression

Gene expression is the process by which specific genes are activated to produce a necessary protein. This process involves two steps named transcription and translation. These two steps are essentially the processes by which a protein is synthesized.

Explain the Need for Gene Expression Control

Not all genes need to be expressed or activated at the same time, or in all cells. Certain genes are only activated under specific circumstances or during certain stages of growth, or in certain types of cells. Hence, control over gene expression is necessary to ensure that the right genes are expressed at the right times and in the right cells, which in turn will help maintain the organism's homeostasis.

Explain the Consequences of Uncontrolled Gene Expression

Uncontrolled or inappropriate gene expression can lead to disastrous results, including development of diseases such as cancer. For example, if the genes controlling cell growth and division are expressed too much or at the wrong time, this could lead to uncontrolled cell division, a key characteristic of cancer. Therefore, precise control of gene expression is crucial.