Question

What is the function of the hormone erythropoietin? a. stimulates production of red blood cells b. stimulates muscle growth c. causes the fight-or-flight response d. causes testosterone production

Short answer

Answer: The function of the hormone erythropoietin is to stimulate the production of red blood cells.

Step-by-step solution

Choose the correct answer

Erythropoietin is a hormone that plays a significant role in the production of red blood cells. Therefore, the correct answer is: a. stimulates production of red blood cells

Key concepts

Hormone Function

Hormones are chemical messengers produced by glands in the body. These powerful molecules are transported through the bloodstream to target organs and tissues, where they bring about a change or response. They regulate a wide range of physiological processes, from growth and metabolism to mood and immune function.

• Each hormone has a specific function, making sure that the right outcomes are triggered in the right parts of the body.
• The function of a hormone can depend on the type of receptor it binds to on the target cells.
• For example, erythropoietin is a hormone that specifically targets the bone marrow to stimulate the production of red blood cells.

Understanding hormones and their functions is crucial because they help maintain homeostasis, the body's internal balance. A disruption in hormonal balance can lead to numerous health issues, illustrating how critical their accurate function is.

Red Blood Cells

Red blood cells are vital components of the human circulatory system. They have a unique, flattened disk shape that optimizes their ability to transport oxygen from the lungs to other parts of the body.

• They contain an important protein called hemoglobin, which binds to oxygen molecules.
• Typically, red blood cells have a lifespan of about 120 days, after which they are broken down and replaced by new ones.
• They play a crucial role in removing carbon dioxide from the body by carrying it back to the lungs for exhalation.

Erythropoietin ensures that enough red blood cells are produced to meet the body's oxygen demands, especially during times of increased need, like exercise or in response to blood loss. A deficiency or excess of red blood cells can lead to conditions such as anemia or polycythemia, respectively.

Human Biology

Human biology is the scientific study of the human body and its complex systems. It encompasses a variety of systems that work together to maintain life, growth, and development.

• The circulatory system includes red blood cells and is crucial for maintaining oxygen delivery to tissues.
• The endocrine system involves glands that produce hormones like erythropoietin to regulate many bodily functions.
• Each system interacts closely with others, ensuring the body's internal environment remains stable despite external changes.

By understanding human biology, we can better grasp how diseases affect the body and how treatments like hormone therapy can be used to restore balance. This holistic understanding emphasizes the importance of each bodily system and their interdependence.