Question

Which hormone and condition is mismatched? a. growth hormone- acromegaly b. thyroxine-goiter c. parathyroid hormone-tetany d. cortisol-myxedema e. insulin-diabetes

Short answer

Based on the analysis, the mismatched hormone and condition are option \(d. cortisol-myxedema\). Myxedema is related to thyroid function, not cortisol function.

Step-by-step solution

Understand the function of each hormone

Growth hormone (GH) is responsible for growth and development in the body. Thyroxine (T4) regulates metabolism. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is involved in regulating calcium levels in the blood. Cortisol is a stress hormone that helps the body respond to stress and inflammation. Insulin controls blood sugar levels.

Associate each hormone with its correct condition

a. Growth hormone (GH) - Acromegaly: Acromegaly is caused by an excess of GH which leads to an abnormal growth of bones in the face, hands, and feet. b. Thyroxine (T4) - Goiter: A goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland, which can occur due to insufficient production of T4, leading to an inability to regulate metabolism. c. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) - Tetany: Tetany occurs due to low blood calcium levels, which can be caused by an underactive parathyroid gland that doesn't produce enough PTH to regulate calcium levels. d. Cortisol - Myxedema: Myxedema is a severe form of hypothyroidism, which is a disorder of the thyroid gland and not directly related to cortisol levels. e. Insulin - Diabetes: Diabetes is a condition where the body doesn't produce enough insulin or doesn't respond well to it, leading to high blood sugar levels.

Identify the mismatched hormone and condition

Based on the information in Step 2, we can see that the mismatched hormone and condition are option d, cortisol, and myxedema. Myxedema is related to thyroid function, not cortisol function. The correct condition associated with cortisol is Cushing's syndrome, which results from an excess of cortisol in the body. Therefore, the answer is: d. cortisol-myxedema