Question

What is an insulator? Describe two different ways that insulators may exert their effects.

Short answer

An insulator is a material that does not allow the flow of heat or electric charge. Insulators exert their effects in two main ways: as electrical insulators, they prevent the flow of electric current by blocking the movement of electrons; as heat insulators, they prevent heat conduction by trapping air within their structure.

Step-by-step solution

Definition of Insulator

An insulator, also known as a non-conductor, is a material that does not allow the flow of electric charge or heat. Insulators are often used to protect us from electricity by preventing the current from reaching us.

How Insulators Exert Their Effects: Electrical Insulation

Insulators exert their effects in different ways. One such way is through electrical insulation. When used in an electrical setup, the insulating material prevents the flow of electrons, thereby stopping the electrical current from passing through. Examples of such insulators are rubber and glass.

How Insulators Exert Their Effects: Heat Insulation

Another way insulators work is through heat insulation. Certain insulators, like wood or styrofoam, help to prevent the transfer of heat through a process known as conduction. They trap air within their structure which reduces heat conduction, keeping heat in or out of a particular space.