Question

What is antisense RNA? How does it affect the translation of a complementary mRNA?

Short answer

Antisense RNA is a strand of RNA that is complementary to messenger RNA (mRNA). By binding to its complementary mRNA, it can prevent the translation process, thus regulating gene expression.

Step-by-step solution

Definition of Antisense RNA

Antisense RNA is a strand of RNA that is complementary to the messenger RNA (mRNA). It is called 'antisense' because it runs in the opposite direction to the sense strand of DNA from which it is transcribed.

Role of Antisense RNA in mRNA Translation

Antisense RNA can bind to its complementary mRNA. This binding can inhibit the process of translation, as it prevents the ribosomes from attaching to the mRNA and building the protein base sequence.

Explanation of Antisense RNA effects

By binding to the mRNA, antisense RNA prevents the synthesis of certain proteins. This mechanism is used in cells to regulate gene expression. It can also be used in molecular biology techniques to knock down gene expression.