Question

Why is it important to maintain biological molecules in a buffered solution?

Short answer

The biological molecules are maintained in a buffered solution to resist the alteration in pH because the slightest change in pH can adversely affect the function and structure of biological molecules.

Step-by-step solution

Introduction of buffer solution

A buffer solution is a solution that consists of weak acid along with its conjugate base. Whenever there is the slightest change in pH, these can absorb excess hydrogen, H⁺ ions, and OH^‑ ions. As a result, the buffer maintains a steady pH.

Importance of maintaining pH value in biological molecules

In a biological system, the function of a buffer is to keep intracellular and extracellular pH levels within a very small range and to withstand changes brought on by internal and external factors.It is important to maintain pH value in biological molecules to prevent acidosis and alkalosis conditions which can adversely affect the structure and function of biological molecules. Acidosis results when the pH value decreases below 7.35, while alkalosis occurs when the pH value increases above 7.45.

Hence, it is important to maintain biological molecules in buffer solution.