Question

Explain why the double-stranded nature of DNA is relevant for copying and transmitting genetic information when a cell divides.

Short answer

DNA is a better substance for storing genetic information.

Step-by-step solution

Introduction

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a type of genetic material that transmits genetic information from one cell to the next and from one generation to the next. In a cell, DNA directs, governs, and regulates protein synthesis.

Double-stranded DNA

Because its nucleotides are not exposed unless they are to exhibit their action, it is chemically less reactive and structurally more stable.

Purines and pyrimidines establish hydrogen bonds and stack together to make DNA more stable for genetic information storage.

During the replication process, DNA acts as its own template, reproducing the strand of DNA. As a result, DNA replication is a self-catalytic process. It normally happens during the cell cycle's S phase, when the chromosomes are at their most stretched state.

Only one strand of the daughter duplex is derived from the parent, while the other strand is generated from scratch. DNA replication is semiconservative.

Separation of two strands is used to carry out replication. The strands that have been split serve as templates. The new strands that are created on top of the old strands' templates will have complementary base pairs.

The two daughter DNA molecules that result will be carbon copies of the parent molecules, but one will be new and the other will be old.

Interpretation

Thus, DNA is a better substance for storing genetic information since it is stable enough to not alter with different phases of the life cycle, age, or changes in the organism's metabolism.