Question

In eukaryotes, ribosomes (approximate mass $\mathbf{4}\mathbf{\times }{\mathbf{10}}^{\mathbf{6}}\mathit{D}$)are assembled inside the nucleus, which is enclosed by a double membrane. Protein synthesis occurs in the cytosol. (a) Could a protein similar to a porin or the glucose transporter be responsible for transporting ribosomes into the cytoplasm? Explain. (b) Would free energy be required to move a ribosome from the nucleus to the cytoplasm? Why or why not?

Short answer

In the solution (a), the glucose transporters are considered as the transport of glucose to the concentration of molecules.

In the solution (b), the free energy is required the establishment of pore for the transport of ribosome.

Step-by-step solution

Introduction

The ribosome is a non-membranous structurethat resides in the cell's cytoplasm. It is the protein synthesis's central organelle. It can be found alone or with rough endoplasmic reticulum connected.Porins are transmembrane proteins that allow molecules or ions to flow through membranes. Glucose transporters are thought to transfer glucose based on molecule concentration.

In the solution (a), Glucose transporter

Theporin-like transporterappears to be insufficient because the barrel, which is large enough to carry molecules, is too tiny to hold the huge ribosome. A transporter protein is unable to function due to thedecreased sizeof the ribosome. There is no protein that is suitable for carrying a particle through the membrane at the same time. The ribosome, like other big cellular components, is designed to migrate across the cell. They migrate between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, forming proteins that are considerably bigger than ribosomes.

In the solution (b), Ribosome to move from nucleus to the cytoplasm

The cytoplasmic concentration of ribosomes is higher than that of the cell's nucleus, which is whereribosomesare generated. This indicates that ribosome transport appears to be athermodynamically advantageous mechanism.