Chapter 25: Q32CP (page 933)
What fraction of the human genome consists of transposons and retrotransposons?
The fraction of the human genome that consists of transposons and retrotransposons are 3/100 and 2/3 respectively.
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Question In eukaryotic cells, a specific triphosphatase cleaves deoxy-8 deoxyguanosine triphosphate (oxo-dGTP) to oxo-dGMP. What is the advantage of this reaction?
A high rate of base-substitution mutations can result from a polymerase’s tendency to incorporate a mispaired nucleotide or from its poor ability to incorporate the correct nucleotide. Use the following information about the catalytic efficiency (kcat/KM) of two error-prone polymerases to compare their ability substitution mutations.
| Polymerase | Template nucleotide | Incoming nucleotide | kcat/KM (µM . min-1 × 103 ) | |||
| Polymerase ƞ | T | T | A | G | 420 | 22 |
| HIV reverse transcriptase | T | T | A | G | 800 | 0.07 |
Question: Describe the structure-function and synthesis of telomeres?
Ribonucleotides are erroneously incorporated into newly synthesized DNA as a result of incomplete primer removal or misincorporation by DNA polymerase. What types of enzymes would be required to remove and replace a single ribonucleotide in a DNA strand?
What is the function of the pre-replication complex?
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