Question

Under cellular conditions, dATP can be oxidized to its 2-hydroxy form, which is a substrate for an enzyme that converts 2-OH-dATP to 2-OH-dAMP${\mathbf{\text{+ PP}}}_{\mathbf{\text{i}}}$.Explain why compounds that inhibit the activity of this enzyme would be effective anti-cancer agents.

Short answer

Cancer is a fatal illness. In addition to holding substrates in the most advantageous spatial places, enzymes also reduce the activation energy of processes. The 2-OH-dATP to 2-OH-dAMP is highly mutagenic, thus, the compound that inhibits the activity of this enzyme is effective in treating cancer.

Step-by-step solution

Anti-cancer agents

Anti-cancer medications can be used to treat it. The agent's potency is determined by the reaction and the consequence it produces. The agent can be natural or artificial and can also be obtained from physiological processes.

Deoxyadenosine triphosphate

Deoxyadenosine triphosphate is a nucleoside triphosphate that the DNA polymerase uses as a substrate. As a result, it aids in the replication of DNA. The mutagenic form is oxidized when dATP is oxidized. The production of reactive oxygen species causes this conversion (ROS). These organisms wreak havoc on DNA has been linked to cell death. It has been shown to have mutagenic properties. This is then transformed into 2-OH-dATP to 2-OH-dAMP. This reaction is carcinogenic and mutagenic. Human mutT Homologue gene MTHI/s This gene's protein inhibits oxidized nucleotides from being incorporated into DNA.

MTH1 inhibition

MTH1 has been shown to reduce tumor growth. This protein plays a vital role in preventing mutagenesis and cancer. If any substance inhibits this enzyme, the risk of mutagenesis is lowered. As a result, this enzyme has the potential to be used as a potent anti-cancer agent against 2-OH-dATP to 2-OH-dAMP.This reaction is carcinogenic and mutagenic. Human mutT Homologue gene MTHI/s This gene's protein inhibits oxidized nucleotides from being incorporated into DNA.