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Chapter 4: Problem 4

With regard to the ABO blood types in humans, determine the genotypes of the male parent and female parent: Male parent: blood type B whose mother was type O Female parent: blood type A whose father was type B Predict the blood types of the offspring that this couple may have and the expected ratio of each.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The expected ratio of blood types for the offspring of this couple is 1:1:1:1 for blood types AB, B, A, and O.

Step by step solution

01

Determine the male parent's possible genotypes

The male parent has blood type B, and his mother had blood type O. Blood type B is determined by either a homozygous genotype (BB) or a heterozygous genotype (BO). Since his mother had blood type O (which is a homozygous genotype, OO), the male parent inherited an O allele from his mother. Therefore, the male parent's genotype must be heterozygous BO.
02

Determine the female parent's possible genotypes

The female parent has blood type A, and her father had blood type B. Blood type A is determined by either a homozygous genotype (AA) or a heterozygous genotype (AO). Her father's blood type B could be due to a homozygous genotype (BB) or a heterozygous genotype (BO). If her father's genotype was BB, the female parent would have a B allele, making her blood type AB. Since her blood type is A, her father's genotype must have been BO, and the female parent inherited an O allele from him. Therefore, the female parent's genotype must be heterozygous AO.
03

Construct a Punnett square

Now that we have determined the genotypes of both parents (BO and AO), we can create a Punnett square to predict the possible genotypes of their offspring. Place the B and O alleles of the male parent on one side of the Punnett square, and the A and O alleles of the female parent on the other side. The Punnett square will show a grid of all 4 possible allele combinations (i.e., the possible genotypes of the offspring).
04

Calculate the ABO blood types of the offspring

Using the Punnett square, we can count the possible genotypes of the offspring and their corresponding blood types: 1. BA - Blood Type AB (the combination of A and B alleles) 2. BO - Blood Type B (the combination of B and O alleles) 3. OA - Blood Type A (the combination of O and A alleles) 4. OO - Blood Type O (the combination of O and O alleles) These genotypes correspond to the four ABO blood types: AB, B, A, and O.
05

Predict the expected ratio of blood types

Now that we have the possible blood types of the offspring, we can calculate the expected ratio of each blood type. Since there are four possibilities, each with an equal chance of occurrence, the expected ratio for the offspring of this couple is: 1. Blood Type AB: 1/4 2. Blood Type B: 1/4 3. Blood Type A: 1/4 4. Blood Type O: 1/4 Thus, we can expect that the offspring of this couple will have a 1:1:1:1 ratio of blood types AB, B, A, and O.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Horses can be cremello (a light cream color), chestnut (a reddish brown color), or palomino (a golden color with white in the horse's tail and mane). Of these phenotypes, only palominos never breed true. The following results have been observed: cremello \(\times\) palomino \(\longrightarrow 1 / 2\) cremello \(1 / 2\) palomino chestnut \(\times\) palomino \(\longrightarrow 1 / 2\) chestnut \(1 / 2\) palomino palomino \(\times\) palomino \(\longrightarrow 1 / 4\) chestnut \(1 / 2\) palomino \(1 / 4\) cremello (a) From these results, determine the mode of inheritance by assigning sene symbols and indicating which genotypes yield which phenotypes. (b) Predict the \(\mathrm{F}_{1}\) and \(\mathrm{F}_{2}\) results of many initial matings between cremello and chestnut horses.

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