Question

Name the hormones necessary for development of egg cells in the ovaries. Name the hormones necessary for development of sperm in the testes. (pp. 245, 247)

Short answer

Answer: The hormones necessary for the development of egg cells in the ovaries are Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), Estradiol, and Progesterone. The hormones necessary for the development of sperm in the testes are Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH)/Interstitial cell-stimulating hormone (ICSH), and Testosterone.

Step-by-step solution

Hormones for Egg Cells Development

The hormones necessary for the development of egg cells in the ovaries are: 1. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH): This hormone is released by the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of other hormones from the anterior pituitary gland. 2. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): This hormone, released by the anterior pituitary gland, is responsible for stimulating the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles, which contain the egg cells. 3. Luteinizing hormone (LH): Also released by the anterior pituitary gland, LH triggers ovulation, which occurs when a mature egg cell is released from the ovarian follicle. 4. Estradiol and progesterone: These hormones are produced by the ovaries and help to regulate the menstrual cycle, ensuring that the uterus is prepared to receive a fertilized egg, if it occurs.

Hormones for Sperm Development

The hormones necessary for the development of sperm in the testes are: 1. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH): Similar to its function in the development of egg cells, GnRH is released by the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of other hormones from the anterior pituitary gland. 2. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): In males, FSH released by the anterior pituitary gland is responsible for stimulating spermatogenesis or the production of sperm cells in the testes. 3. Luteinizing hormone (LH): Also called interstitial cell-stimulating hormone (ICSH) in males, LH released by the anterior pituitary gland stimulates the production of testosterone by interstitial cells (or Leydig cells) in the testes. 4. Testosterone: Produced by the testes, testosterone is essential for the development of sperm and also plays a crucial role in male secondary sexual characteristics such as hair growth, muscle development, and deepening of the voice.