Question

A short, single-stranded sequence of DNA whose bases are complementary to a portion of the DNA on another DNA strand is called a. a DNA hybrid. b. a clone. c. a DNA probe. d. an mRNA.

Short answer

c. a DNA probe.

Step-by-step solution

Understand Terminology

Review basic definitions for each option:- DNA hybrid: A molecule formed from two DNA strands that are not complementary.- Clone: An exact genetic replica of an organism or cell.- DNA probe: A short, single-stranded DNA sequence used to detect the presence of complementary sequences.- mRNA: Messenger RNA, which carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Identify Key Concept

The question describes a short, single-stranded DNA sequence designed to bind to a complementary DNA sequence.

Match Definition with Key Concept

From Step 1, identify the option that matches the described concept. A DNA probe fits the description of a short, single-stranded DNA sequence used to identify complementary sequences.

Confirm Final Answer

Verify the matched definition accurately addresses the described concept without any contradictions.

Key concepts

complementary DNA

In molecular biology, complementary DNA (cDNA) refers to a strand of DNA that has a sequence of bases that can pair up with the bases on another DNA strand. The bases pair according to specific rules: adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). This complementary pairing ensures accurate replication and transcription processes in cells.
A DNA probe utilizes this principle by having a sequence that can hybridize or bind to the complementary sequence on the target DNA. This binding helps in identifying specific sequences in various techniques like DNA sequencing and genetic analysis.

molecular biology

Molecular biology is the branch of science that studies the molecular foundations of biological activity. It focuses on the interactions between various systems of a cell, including the interactions between different types of DNA, RNA, and proteins.
Key tools in molecular biology include DNA probes which are used to detect the presence of specific DNA sequences. This is particularly useful in research, medical diagnostics, and forensic science. Understanding these molecular interactions and tools is essential for advancing our knowledge of genetics and cell function.

DNA sequencing

DNA sequencing is the process of determining the precise order of nucleotides within a DNA molecule. Techniques such as Sanger sequencing and next-generation sequencing have revolutionized this field.
In DNA sequencing, DNA probes play a significant role by binding to specific sequences, allowing researchers to isolate and identify segments of the DNA. This binding relies on the complementary bonding principles of DNA strands. Sequencing technologies have numerous applications, including understanding genetic disorders, mapping genomes, and advancing personalized medicine.

genetic analysis

Genetic analysis involves studying an organism's DNA to understand its genetic makeup. This field covers various techniques such as DNA sequencing, PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), and the use of DNA probes.
DNA probes are crucial in genetic analysis as they enable the detection of specific genes or mutations. For instance, probes can identify genetic disorders, track genealogical lineage, and even help in evolutionary biology studies. By understanding these genetic markers, scientists can glean insights into hereditary conditions, evolutionary relationships, and more.