Question

A collection of an organism's DNA fragments stored in a host organism is called a a. DNA library. b. DNA restriction site. c. plasmid. d. DNA clone.

Short answer

a. DNA library

Step-by-step solution

Understand the Question

Identify the key information from the question. The question is asking for the term that describes a collection of an organism's DNA fragments stored in a host organism.

Define Each Option

Define each term given in the options to understand which one fits the description.- a. DNA library: A collection of DNA fragments that have been cloned into a host organism.- b. DNA restriction site: A particular sequence of DNA that is recognized and cut by a restriction enzyme.- c. Plasmid: A small, circular piece of DNA found in bacteria and used in genetic engineering.- d. DNA clone: A copy of a DNA fragment.

Match the Description

Compare the definitions to the description in the question. A collection of DNA fragments from an organism stored in a host organism corresponds to a DNA library.

Select the Correct Answer

Select the answer that correctly matches the definition. The term that describes a collection of an organism's DNA fragments stored in a host organism is a 'DNA library'.

Key concepts

Understanding Genetic Engineering

Genetic engineering is a fascinating field that involves manipulating an organism's DNA to achieve desired traits. This process can involve adding new DNA, modifying existing DNA, or even removing DNA segments. There are several uses for genetic engineering, such as:

• Producing insulin for diabetes treatment
• Creating genetically modified crops that are resistant to pests
• Developing gene therapy for various genetic disorders

The core idea is to engineer DNA to benefit humans or improve fields like agriculture and medicine.
Genetic engineering often utilizes tools like restriction enzymes to cut DNA at specific sites, and techniques like polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify DNA sequences. The engineered DNA can then be inserted into plants, animals, or microorganisms to observe the desired changes.

Exploring DNA Cloning

DNA cloning refers to the process of creating multiple, identical copies of a DNA sequence. This technique is fundamental in genetic engineering and biotechnology. There are several steps involved in DNA cloning:

• Isolating the DNA sequence of interest
• Inserting the DNA into a suitable vector (like a plasmid)
• Introducing the vector into a host organism (such as bacteria)
• Allowing the host to replicate, creating copies of the DNA

A popular vector used in DNA cloning is a plasmid, a small circular DNA molecule found in bacteria, which can carry foreign DNA into a host cell.
After introducing the vector into bacteria, the bacteria reproduce and create copies of the plasmid, including the inserted DNA. Researchers can then extract and use these DNA clones for experiments, research, and various applications in biotechnology.

The Role of Biotechnology

Biotechnology incorporates the use of living organisms or their systems to develop or create products. It is a broad field that intersects with genetic engineering and DNA cloning. Biotechnology is divided into several branches, including:

• Medical biotechnology: focuses on healthcare applications, such as developing vaccines and antibiotics
• Agricultural biotechnology: involves creating genetically modified crops to enhance food production and resistance to pests
• Industrial biotechnology: uses biological processes for industrial purposes, such as biofuel production and waste treatment

Biotechnological techniques can involve manipulating organisms at the genetic level, fermenting microbial cultures, and using enzymes in industrial processes. Overall, biotechnology bridges the gap between biological research and practical applications, leading to innovative solutions in medicine, agriculture, and industry.