Question

The innermost layer of the root cortex is the

(A) core.

(B) pericycle.

(C) endodermis.

(D) pith.

Short answer

(A) The option “core” isfalse.

(B) The option “pericycle” isfalse.

(C) The option ‘endodermis’ istrue.

(D) The option ‘pith; is false.

Step-by-step solution

Roots and shoots

Plants consist of two organ systems that are root and shoot systems. Roots grow towards gravity and absorb water and nutrients from the soil. Shoot systems grow above the soil and help the plants to perform photosynthesis. This system includes stems, leaves, and, fruits.

Explanation of option ‘(A)’

The term core indicates the harder part of the roots that consists of stored carbohydrates, resins, essential oils, and many other substances. This part lies between the epidermis and vascular tissues of roots.

Thus, the core represents the harder and central part of the root, not the innermost layer of the root cortex.

Therefore, the given option is false.

Explanation of option ‘(B)’

The pericycle is the layer of cells in a plant that encircle vascular tissue in stems and roots. It performs many functions, such as initiation of cork cambium and initiation of lateral roots.

Thus, the pericycle represents the layer of cells in the plant, not the innermost layer of the root cortex.

Therefore, the given option is false.

Explanation of option ‘(C)’

The endodermis is the innermost layer of the root cortex in plants that functions as a barrier for selective nutrient uptake. It regulates the transport of water and nutrients in plants.

Thus, the endodermis represents an innermost layer of the root cortex.

Therefore, the given option is true.

Explanation of option ‘(D)’

The term pith indicates a central strand in stems that stores food. It is the central strand of parenchymatous tissue in plants. It performs various functions such as storage and transportation of nutrients in plants.

Thus, the pith indicates the central strand in stems, not the root cortex.

Therefore, the given option is false.