Chapter 23: Q23-1TYU (page 484)
Natural selection changes allele frequencies because some _________ survive and reproduce better than others.
(A) alleles
(B) loci
(C) species
(D) individuals
The option “allele” isfalse.
The option “loci” isfalse.
The option “species” is false.
The option “individuals” is true.
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The frequency of allele a is 0.45 for a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. What are the expected frequencies of genotypes AA, Aa, and aa?
If a population stopped reproducing sexually (but still reproduced asexually), how would its genetic variation be affected over time? Explain.
There are 25 individuals in population 1, all with genotypeAA, and there are 40 individuals in population 2, all with genotypeaa. Assume that these populations are located far from each other and that their environmental conditions are very similar. Based on the information given here, the observed genetic variation most likely resulted from
(A) genetic drift.
(B) gene flow.
(C) nonrandom mating.
(D) directional selection.
Of all the mutations that occur in a population, why do only a small fraction become widespread?
Heterozygotes at the sickle-cell locus produce both normal and abnormal (sickle-cell) hemoglobin (see Concept 14.4). When hemoglobin molecules are packed into a heterozygote's red blood cells, some cells receive relatively large quantities of abnormal hemoglobin, making these cells prone to sickling. In a short essay (approximately 100–150 words), explain how these molecular and cellular events lead to emergent properties at biological organization's individual and population levels.
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