Question

Muscle cells differ from nerve cells mainly because they

(A) express different genes

(B) contains different genes.

(C) use different genetic codes.

(D) have unique ribosomes.

Short answer

(A) The option “express different genes” is true.

(B) The option “contains different genes” is false.

(C) The option “use different genetic codes” is false.

(D) The option “have unique ribosomes” is false.

Step-by-step solution

Muscle and nerve cells

There are different types of cells present in the different organs. The muscle cells are present in the muscles. The nerve cells are present in the neuronal system, which is the basic unit of the brain.

Explanation of option “(A)”

Gene expression is the process that creates proteins that happens via the process of transcription and translation. The different genes are expressed in different types of cells.

Muscle cells and nerve cells express a particular gene type.

Therefore, the given option is true.

Explanation of option “(B)”

The muscle and nerve cells vary in the expression of different genes, leading to various gene products. The variation of genes may be present in different types of cells. But the gene expression determines the variation in cellular metabolism of cell types.

The presence of different genes does not cause functional variation in muscle cells and nerve cells.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

Explanation of option “(C)”

Different genetic codes will code for different amino acids. The genetic codes determine the variation in the amino acid sequences.

The difference between the muscle and nerve cells is due to the difference in gene expression and not differences in genetic codes.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

Explanation of option “(D)”

Ribosomes are the organelle that is commonly present in all the cells which are responsible for protein synthesis. The muscle cell and the nerve cell do not have a particular type of ribosome.

No difference is seen due to the uniqueness of ribosomes in the muscle cells and nerve cells.

Therefore, the given statement is false.