Chapter 53: Q55.5-1CC (page 1188)
Identify the main goal of restoration ecology.
The main aim of the restoration ecology is to restore the conditions of the degraded ecosystems back to their natural condition.
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To estimate which age cohort in a population of females produces the most female offspring, you need information about the number of offspring produced per capita within that cohort and the number of individuals alive in the cohort. Make this estimate for Belding’s ground squirrels by multiplying the number of females alive at the start of the year (column 2 in Table 53.1) by the average number of female offspring produced per female (column 5 in Table 53.1). Draw a bar graph with female age in years on the x-axis (0–1, 1–2, and so on) and total number of female offspring produced for each age cohort on the y-axis. Which cohort of female Belding’s ground squirrels produces the most female young?
In 2014, the United States had a population of 320 million people. If the (annual) per capita change in population size (r∆t) was 0.005, how many people were added to the population that year (ignoring immigration and emigration)? What would you need to know to determine whether the United States is currently experiencing exponential growth?
Assuming that r= 1.0 and K= 1,500, calculate the population growth rate for four cases where population size (N) is greater than carrying capacity (K): N= 1,510, 1,600, 1,750, and 2,000 individuals. To do this, first write the equation for the population growth rate given in Table 53.2. Plug in the values for each of the four cases, starting with N= 1,510, and solve the equation for each
one. Which population size has the highest growth rate?
The observation that members of a population are uniformly distributed suggests that
(A) resources are distributed unevenly.
(B) the members of the population are competing for access to a resource.
(C) the members of the population are neither attracted to nor repelled by one another.
(D) the density of the population is low.
Analyzing ecological footprints reveals that
(A) Earth’s carrying capacity would increase if per capita meat consumption increased.
(B) current demand by industrialized countries for resources is much smaller than the ecological footprint of those countries.
(C) it is not possible for technological improvements to increase Earth’s carrying capacity for humans.
(D) the ecological footprint of the United States is large because per capita resource use is high.
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