Question

Which of the following animals generally has the lowest volume of urine production?

(A) vampire bat

(B) salmon in freshwater

(C) marine bony fish

(D) freshwater flatworm

Short answer

(A) The option “vampire bat” is false.

(B) The option “salmon in freshwater” is false.

(C) The option “marine bony fish” is true.

(D) The option “freshwater flatworm” is false.

Step-by-step solution

Osmoregulation in aquatic organisms

Aquatic organisms comprise thin skin, especially around the gills. The water enters the body of the organisms easily through osmosis and diffusion. Therefore, both freshwater and marine water fishes have adapted to special features to combat the issues of osmoregulation.

Explanation of option (A)

Vampire bats mammals comprise metanephric kidneys. They produce a sufficient amount of urine as per their body fluid.

Therefore, vampire bats do not produce the lowest amount of urine.

Thus, the given option is false.

Explanation of option (B)

The freshwater salmon comprise efficient kidneys. Salmons developed a tendency to take more salts from their surroundings due to their filtration activities in the kidney.

Therefore, freshwater salmons do not excrete less urine.

Thus, the given option is false.

Explanation of option (C)

The bony fishes that live in marine water contain more salt in their body and less water. They combat this issue by drinking large amounts of water and urinating in small quantities. To regulate the salt level in the body, the specialized cells in the gills eliminate them using the extra energy.

Therefore, marine bony fish urinate in low quantities.

Thus, the given option is true.

Explanation of option (D)

Freshwater flatworms excrete the waste material from the excretory pores. Protonephridia filters and reabsorption takes place by the flame cells.

Therefore, the organisms living in freshwater do not secrete less urine.

Thus, the given option is false.