Question

What do steroid and peptide hormones typically have in common?

(A) their solubility in cell membranes

(B) their requirement for travel through the bloodstream

(C) the location of their receptors

(D) their reliance on signal transduction in the cell

Short answer

(A) The statement “their solubility in cell membranes” is false.

(B) The statement “their requirement for travel through the bloodstream” is true.

(C) The statement “the location of their receptors” is false.

(D) The statement “their reliance on signal transduction in the cell” is false.

Step-by-step solution

Steroid

The chemical substance secreted by the adrenal gland that helps inflammation and metabolism is called steroid hormone (cortisol and aldosterone).

Explanation of option ‘(A)’

The term peptide hormones represent the class of protein hormones secreted into the bloodstream through the posterior pituitary gland and necessary for regulating energy metabolism, stress, and growth.

Thus, the steroid hormones are lipid-soluble instead, peptide hormones are water-soluble.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

Explanation of option ‘(B)’

The hormones like lipid-derived and peptide hormones are secreted into the bloodstream to deliver messages to other body parts to bring a particular change.

Thus, hormones travel through the body’s circulatory system to relay the message by locking target cells.

Therefore, the given statement is true.

 Step 4: Explanation of option ‘(C)’

The receptors refer to transmembrane proteins found in the cells of specialized organs like internal organs, eyes, and nose. These chemical structures are also involved in cell activation and signaling pathways.

Thus, the steroid hormones binding occurs with the internal cell receptor, whereas the binding of peptide hormones occurs with the two cells surface receptors.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

Explanation of option ‘(D)’

The signaling process by which cellular functions like cell division and cell differentiation are regulated is called signal transduction.

Thus, only peptide hormones rely on signal transduction because transduction in steroid hormones is performed by their internal receptors.

Therefore, the given statement is false.