Question

Which hormone is incorrectlypaired with its action?

(A) oxytocin—stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth

(B) thyroxine—inhibits metabolic processes

(C) ACTH—stimulates the release of glucocorticoids by the adrenal cortex

(D) melatonin—affects biological rhythms and seasonal reproduction

Short answer

(A) The statement " oxytocin—stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth" is false.

(B) The statement " thyroxine—inhibits metabolic processes " is true.

(C) The statement " ACTH—stimulates the release of glucocorticoids by the adrenal cortex " is false.

(D) The statement " melatonin—affects biological rhythms and seasonal reproduction" is false.

Step-by-step solution

Hormone

The body's messenger molecule that binds with the target cell receptor to affect its functioning is called hormone.

Explanation of option '(A)'

The term oxytocin represents a peptide hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland. It shows its involvement during childbirth and lactation.

Thus, oxytocin is considered a uterine-contraction hormone that helps in a women's labor during childbirth.

Therefore, the given statement is true, and hence it is the incorrect option.

Explanation of option '(B)'

The iodine-containing hormone released by the thyroid gland that plays an essential role in muscle function and digestion is called thyroxine.

Thus, thyroxine increases the rates of metabolic processes.

Therefore, the given statement is false, and hence it is the correct option.

Explanation of option '(C)'

The abbreviation ACTH is fully expressed as adrenocorticotropic hormone. The pituitary gland produces a peptide hormone that controls cortisol production is called ACTH.

Thus, the ACTH stimulates glucocorticoid and corticosteroid production.

Therefore, the given statement is true, and hence it is the incorrect option.

Explanation of option '(D)'

The vertebrate hormone released by the brain's pineal gland during the night and maintains sleep is called melatonin.

Thus, the melatonin controls function affected by seasonal reproduction and light.

Therefore, the given statement is true, and hence it is the incorrect option.